The Tetragrammaton  =  hwhy = YaHuWaH

Shemoth

1:1 Now these are the names of the sons of Ysra'al, who came into Mitsrayim (every man and his household came with Ya'aqob): 1:2 Re'uben, Shim'on, Lewi, and Yahuwdah, 1:3 Yissachar, Zebulun, and Binyamin,  1:4 Dan and Nafthali, Gad and Asher. 1:5 All the souls who came out of Ya'aqob’s body were seventy souls, and Yahuwseph was in Mitsrayim already. 

Deut. 32:7-8 tells us that YaHuWaH divided the boundaries of the nations according to the number of the sons of Ysra'al. Thus, in the table of nations (Bereshiyth 10), there are 70 nations listed. When YaHuWSHuWaH sent out his disciples on two occasions, he sent 12 (representing the twelve tribes of Ysra'al) the first time (Luk. 9:1) and 70 (representing all the nations of the world) the second (Luk. 10:1). 70 bulls are offered at the Temple during the feast of Sukkoth—one for each nation. (Num. 29:12-39) For this reason, it is called the Festival of the Nations.

 Year 2309 from creation/1691 BC]

1:6 Yahuwseph died, as did all his brothers, and all that generation. 1:7 The children of Ysra'al were fruitful, and increased abundantly, and multiplied, and grew exceedingly mighty; and the land was filled with them.

1:8 Now there arose a new king over Mitsrayim, who didn’t know Yahuwseph.

Arose: rather than inheriting the throne. In this way, he is like the beast that rises out of the sea. (Rev. 13:1; compare Daniel 7:8)

 1:9 He said to his people, “Behold, the people of the children of Ysra'al are more and mightier than we.  1:10 Come, let us deal wisely with them, lest they multiply, and it happen that when any war breaks out, they also join themselves to our enemies, and fight against us, and escape out of the land.” 1:11 Therefore they set taskmasters over them to afflict them with their burdens. They built storage cities for Par'oh: Pithom and Ra'amses. 1:12 But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and the more they spread out. They were grieved because of the children of Ysra'al. 1:13 The Mitsrites ruthlessly made the children of Ysra'al serve, 1:14 and they made their lives bitter with hard service, in mortar and in brick, and in all manner of service in the field, all their service, in which they ruthlessly made them serve.

1:15 The king of Mitsrayim spoke to the Ibriy midwives, of whom the name of the one was Shiphrah, and the name of the other Pu'ah, 1:16 and he said, “When you perform the duty of a midwife to the Ibriy women, and see them on the birth stool; if it is a son, then you shall kill him; but if it is a daughter, then she shall live.” 1:17 But the midwives feared Aluahiym, and didn’t do what the king of Mitsrayim commanded them, but saved the baby boys alive. 1:18 The king of Mitsrayim called for the midwives, and said to them, “Why have you done this thing, and have saved the boys alive?”

1:19 The midwives said to Par'oh, “Because the Ibriy women aren’t like the Mitsrayim women; for they are vigorous, and give birth before the midwife comes to them.”

Numerous women in Scripture were blessed for lying to save Ysra'al, so we must surmise that though we are certainly to speak the truth to one another—those of the same flock (Yirm. 9:5)-- we need not do so to an enemy.

1:20 Aluahiym dealt well with the midwives, and the people multiplied, and grew very mighty. 1:21 It happened, because the midwives feared Aluahiym, that he gave them families. 1:22 Par'oh commanded all his people, saying, “You shall cast every son who is born into the river, and every daughter you shall save alive.”

2:1 A man of the house of Lewi went and took a daughter of Lewi as his wife. 2:2 The woman conceived, and bore a son. When she saw that he was a fine child, she hid him three months. 

Three months: They reckoned time by lunar cycles, unlike the Mitsrites who emphasized the sun. But this was also the amount of time the Ark of the Covenant was hidden as well (2 Shmuel 6:11). The Torah was in it, but first YaHuWaH put it within Moshah; he was the “living ark” that came first.

 2:3 When she could no longer hide him, she took a papyrus basket for him, and coated it with tar and with pitch. She put the child in it, and laid it in the reeds by the river’s bank.

 [This is the only place in Scripture that this type of "ark" appears except in the account of Noah. Again it was a lifeboat that preserved his life, and again it was covered with pitch. ]

 2:4 His sister stood far off, to see what would be done to him. 2:5 Par'oh’s daughter came down to bathe at the river. Her maidens walked along by the riverside. She saw the basket among the reeds, and sent her handmaid to get it. 2:6 She opened it, and saw the child, and behold, the baby cried. She had compassion on him, and said, “This is one of the Hebrews’ children.”

2:7 Then his sister said to Par'oh’s daughter, “Should I go and call a nurse for you from the Ibriy women, that she may nurse the child for you?”

2:8 Par'oh’s daughter said to her, “Go.”

The maiden went and called the child’s mother. 2:9 Par'oh’s daughter said to her, “Take this child away, and nurse him for me, and I will give you your wages.”

The woman took the child, and nursed it. 2:10 The child grew, and she brought him to Par'oh’s daughter, and he became her son. She named him Moshah, [drawn out ] and said, “Because I drew him out of the water.”

2:11 It happened in those days, when Moshah had grown up, that he went out to his brothers, and looked at their burdens. He saw an Mitsrite striking a Ibriy, one of his brothers. 2:12 He looked this way and that way, and when he saw that there was no one, he killed the Mitsrite, and hid him in the sand.

2:13 He went out the second day, and behold, two men of the Hebrews were fighting with each other. He said to him who did the wrong, “Why do you strike your fellow?”

2:14 He said, “Who made you a prince and a judge over us? Do you plan to kill me, as you killed the Mitsrite?”

Moshah was afraid, and said, “Surely this thing is known.” 2:15 Now when Par'oh heard this thing, he sought to kill Moshah. But Moshah fled from the face of Par'oh, and lived in the land of  Midyan, and he sat down by a well.

2:16 Now the priest [chief] of  Midyan had seven daughters. They came and drew water, and filled the troughs to water their father’s flock.

  [So many things in Scripture happen at wells, most notably the discovery of wives. It happened with Yitschaq (by proxy), Ya'aqob, and even the Mashiyach met a woman who would become part of his "bride" and who would bear many spiritual children for him by her witness to those in her community. And in a sense he was the seventh man for her, who had already had five husbands and now had a man who was not her husband. (Yahuwchanan 4) 

2:17 The shepherds came and drove them away; but Moshah stood up and helped them, and watered their flock. 

[They wanted to be the first to have access to the clear water; after they were finished, it would be stirred up and muddied, and the next to come would have had to wait until it settled down again. This connects us to the passages about the evil shepherds [ominously, the word "pastor" means the same] who also made the water (a common idiom for the word of YaHuWaH) inaccessible to the sheep, or muddied it with their feet. (Yashayahuw56:11; Yirmeyahuw 50:6; Yehezqel 34) Rose up and freed them: a classic picture of YaHuWSHuWaH, the “prophet like Moshah”, whose very name shares its root with the word here for "freed". He delivered us by rising up. (I Corinthians 15)]

 2:18 When they came to Re'uel, their father, he said, “How is it that you have returned so early today?”

2:19 They said, “A Mitsrite delivered us out of the hand of the shepherds, and moreover he drew water for us, and watered the flock.”

 [These women were descendants of Midyan, who was a son of Abraham through his third wife, K'turah.]

2:20 He said to his daughters, “Where is he? Why is it that you have left the man? Call him, that he may eat bread.”

2:21 Moshah was content to dwell with the man. He gave Moshah Tsipporah, his daughter as a wife. 2:22 She bore a son, and he named him Gershom, for he said, “I have lived as a foreigner in a foreign land.”

2:23 It happened in the course of those many days, that the king of Mitsrayim died, and the children of Ysra'al sighed because of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry came up to Aluahiym because of the bondage. 2:24 Aluahiym heard their groaning, and Aluahiym remembered his covenant with Abraham, with Yitschaq, and with Ya'aqob. 2:25 Aluahiym saw the children of Ysra'al, and Aluahiym was concerned about them.

[c. Year 2437 from creation/1563 B.C.]

3:1 Now Moshah was keeping the flock of Yithro, his father-in-law, the priest of  Midyan, and he led the flock to the back of the wilderness, and came to Aluahiym’s mountain, that is, to Choreb. 

Shaul tells us it is in Arabia (Galatians 4:25), so the traditional site in the Choreb Peninsula is not the correct one; Moshah would have been unlikely to lead his flock some 150 miles away from Midyan to pasture them. It is more likely Jabal al-Lawz in Saudi Arabia, very close to Midyan, and whose top is blackened by fire, but it is not volcanic.

3:2 Malak YaHuWaH  appeared to him in a flash of fire out of the midst of a thornbush. He looked, and behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed. 3:3 Moshah said, “I will turn aside now, and see this great phenomenon, why the bush is not burned up!”

[The word for phenomenon is often rendered “vision”, and indeed we are told of another vision involving the Malak YaHuWaH (YaHuWSHuWaH) and Moshah in Matithyahu 17.]

3:4 Now when YaHuWaH saw that he turned aside to see, Aluahiym called to him out of the midst of the bush, and said, “Moshah! Moshah!”  And he said, “Here I am.”

Here I am! Or "Behold me!" Note that YaHuWaH notices, but Aluahiym speaks. This is one of many examples in which YaHuWaH and YaHuWSHuWaH are partially identified with one another, yet partially distinguished from one another. YaHuWSHuWaH is YaHuWaH’s Word, which both is and is not YaHuWaH. YaHuWSHuWaH is the Mediator between YaHuWaH and men (1 Tim. 2:5)—the way He limits the “output” of His overpowering intensity to a low enough degree so that we are not destroyed by the encounter; YaHuWaH Himself cannot cannot take on any visible form, not even a flame. (Yahuch. 1:18)

3:5 He said, “Don’t come close. Take your sandals off of your feet, for the place you are standing on is set-apart ground.” 3:6 Moreover He said, “I AM the Aluahiym of your father -- the Mighty Ones of Abraham, and of Yitschaq, and of Ya'aqob.” Moshah hid his face; for he was afraid to look upon Aluahiym.

3:7 Then YaHuWaH said, “I have surely seen the affliction of My people who are in Mitsrayim, and have heard their cry because of their taskmasters, for I know their sorrows.  3:8 I have come down to snatch them out of the hand of the Mitsrites,

 [Snatch them out: This is the Ibriy word for the "catching away" in 1 Thessalonians 4:16-17, in which a trumpet figures prominently in the scenario] 

 and to bring them up out of that land to a good and large land, to a land flowing with milk and honey; to the place of the  Kena'anite, the Chittite,, the Emorite, the P'rizzite, the Chiwite, and the Yebusite.  

[These six peoples maintained the Land for the sake of a seventh (Deut. 7:22), Ysra'al, just as the other six days exist for the sake of the Sabbath.]

3:9 Now, behold, the cry of the children of Ysra'al has come to Me. Moreover I have seen the oppression with which the Mitsrites oppress them.  3:10 Come now therefore, and I will send you to Par'oh, that you may bring forth My people, the children of Ysra'al, out of Mitsrayim.”

3:11 Moshah said to Aluahiym, “Who am I, that I should go to Par'oh, and that I should bring forth the children of Ysra'al out of Mitsrayim?”

3:12 So He said, Because I will be with you. This will be the token to you, that I have sent you: when you have brought forth the people out of Mitsrayim, you shall serve Aluahiym on this mountain.”

3:13 Moshah said to Aluahiym, “Behold, when I come to the children of Ysra'al, and tell them, ‘The Aluahiym of your fathers has sent me to you;’ and they ask me, ‘What is His name?’ What should I tell them?”

3:14 Aluahiym said to Moshah,  "I AM THAT I AM ---[“I AM HE who EXISTS,”(ahaYah asher ahaYah)] and he said, “You shall tell the children of Ysra'al this: ‘I AM has sent me to you.’” (ahaYah - I AM) (asher - That) (ahaYah - I AM) -The Self Existing One.

Which was, which is, and which is to come

strong #'s

#1961 : was, to exist, to be, come to pass

#1931 huw: he, which (is), who, that (same meaning as asher)

#1933 & 34: hawah: to be, to exist, come to pass

HAYAH   HUW   HAWAH

YAH   HUW   WAH

YAHUWAH

[ So Aluahiym said to Moshah, "I will be what I will be!" Furthermore, He said, "This is what you shall say to the children of Ysra'al: ‘"I will be" has sent me to you.' (ahayah asher ahayah)] I will be: the same word in the phrase,"I will be with you" in v. 12. This description of Himself is in the imperfect tense, which can also mean, "I am becoming what I used to be", “I am [customarily] what I will [continue to] be”, or “I will be what I am”. ]  [Scriptures for the Whole House of Ysra'al]

 3:15 Aluahiym said further to Moshah, “You shall tell the children of Ysra'al this, ‘YaHuWaH, the Aluahiym of your fathers, the Aluahiym of Abraham, the Aluahiym of Yitschaq, and the Aluahiym of Ya'aqob, has sent me to you.’ This is My Name forever, and this is My REMEMBRANCE to all generations.

[YaHuWaH: His name appears to be the composite of HaYaH (He was), HoWeH (He is), and YiHYeH (He will be). Thus the best translation would be "the Eternal One".]

[WaYo'aMaR 'Aluahiym 'eLe Moshah 'aHaYaH  'aSheR 'aHaYah ..... 'aHaYaH  -  translated: Then spoke Aluahiym unto Moshah,  IAM  He who EXISTS .... I AM]  [entire text:"And the 'Al Above All said to Moshah, "I AM HE who EXISTS":Then He said, "This is what you are to say to the children of Ysra'al; "I AM, did send me to you."]

 3:16 Go, and gather the elders of Ysra'al together, and tell them, ‘YaHuWaH, the Aluahiym of your fathers, the Aluahiym of Abraham, of Yitschaq, and of Ya'aqob, has appeared to me, saying, “I have surely visited you, and seen that which is done to you in Mitsrayim; 3:17 and I have said, I will bring you up out of the affliction of Mitsrayim to the land of the  Kena'anite, the Chittite, the Emorite, the P'rizzite, the Chiwite, and the Yebusite, to a land flowing with milk and honey.”’

 3:18 They will listen to your voice, and you shall come, you and the elders of Ysra'al, to the king of Mitsrayim, and you shall tell him, ‘YaHuWaH, the Aluahiym of the Hebrews, has met with us. Now please let us go three days’ journey into the wilderness, that we may slaughter to YaHuWaH, our Aluahiym.’ 3:19 I know that the king of Mitsrayim won’t give you permission to go, no, not by a mighty hand. 3:20 I will put forth My Hand and strike Mitsrayim with all My wonders which I will do in its midst, and after that he will let you go.

 [My hand: a common Messianic title. Extraordinary deeds: "wonders" beyond the king's power to match. This relates to the word by which YaHuWSHuWaH is described in Shophetim 3:18 and YashaYahuw 9:7.]

  3:21 I will give this people favor in the sight of the Mitsrites, and it will happen that when you go, you shall not go empty-handed. 3:22 But every woman shall ask of her neighbor, and of her who visits her house, jewels of silver, jewels of gold, and clothing; and you shall put them on your sons, and on your daughters. You shall plunder the Mitsrites.”

4:1 Moshah answered, “But, behold, they will not believe me, nor listen to my voice; for they will say, ‘YaHuWaH has not appeared to you.’”

4:2 YaHuWaH said to him, “What is that in your hand?”

He said, “A rod.”

4:3 He said, “Throw it on the ground.”

He threw it on the ground, and it became a serpent; and Moshah ran away from it.

4:4 YaHuWaH said to Moshah, “Put forth your hand, and take it by the tail.”

He put forth his hand, and laid hold of it, and it became a rod in his hand -

4:5  - so that they may believe that YaHuWaH, the Aluahiym of their fathers, the Aluahiym of Abraham, the Aluahiym of Yitschaq, and the Aluahiym of Ya'aqob, has appeared to you.” 4:6 YaHuWaH said furthermore to him, “Now put your hand inside your cloak.”

He put his hand inside his cloak, and when he took it out, behold, his hand was leprous, as white as snow.

4:7 He said, “Put your hand inside your cloak again.”

He put his hand inside his cloak again, and when he took it out of his cloak, behold, it had turned again as his other flesh.

4:8 “It will happen, if they will neither believe you nor listen to the voice of the first sign, that they will believe the voice of the latter sign. 4:9 It will happen, if they will not believe even these two signs, neither listen to your voice, that you shall take of the water of the river, and pour it on the dry land. The water which you take out of the river will become blood on the dry land.”

4:10 Moshah said to YaHuWaH, “O YaHuWaH, I am not eloquent, neither before now, nor since You have spoken to Your servant; for I am slow of speech, and of a slow tongue.”

4:11YaHuWaH  said to him, “Who made man’s mouth? Or Who makes one mute, or deaf, or seeing, or blind? Isn’t it I, YaHuWaH ? 4:12 Now therefore go, and I will be with your mouth, and teach you what you shall speak.”

4:13 He said, “Oh, YaHuWaH, please send someone else.”

4:14 The anger of YaHuWaH was kindled against Moshah, and he said, “What about Aharon, your brother, the Lewite? I know that he can speak well. Also, behold, he comes forth to meet you. When he sees you, he will be glad in his heart. 4:15 You shall speak to him, and put the words in his mouth. I will be with your mouth, and with his mouth, and will teach you what you shall do. 4:16 He will be your spokesman to the people; and it will happen, that he will be to you a mouth, and you will be to him as Aluahiym. 4:17 You shall take this rod in your hand, with which you shall do the signs.”

4:18 Moshah went and returned to Yithro his father-in-law, and said to him, “Please let me go and return to my brothers who are in Mitsrayim, and see whether they are still alive.”

Yithro said to Moshah, “Go in peace.”

4:19 YaHuWaH  said to Moshah in  Midyan, “Go, return into Mitsrayim; for all the men who sought your life are dead.”

4:20 Moshah took his wife and his sons, and set them on a donkey, and he returned to the land of Mitsrayim. Moshah took Aluahiym’s rod in his hand. 4:21YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “When you go back into Mitsrayim, see that you do before Par'oh all the wonders which I have put in your hand, but I will harden his heart and he will not let the people go. 4:22 You shall tell Par'oh, ‘Thus says YaHuWaH, Ysra'al is My son, My firstborn,  4:23 and I have said to you, “Let My son go, that he may serve Me;” and you have refused to let him go. Behold, I will kill your son, your firstborn.’”

4:24 It happened on the way at a lodging place, that YaHuWaH  met Moshah and wanted to kill him [Moshah's son for not being circumcised].  4:25 Then Tsipporah took a flint, and cut off the foreskin of her son, and cast it at his feet; and she said, “Surely you are a bridegroom of blood to me.”

4:26 So He let him alone. Then she said, “You are a bridegroom of blood,” because of the circumcision.

4:27 YaHuWaH  said to Aharon, “Go into the wilderness to meet Moshah.”

He went, and met him on Aluahiym’s mountain, and kissed him. 4:28 Moshah told Aharon all the words of  YaHuWaH with which he had sent him, and all the signs with which he had instructed him. 4:29 Moshah and Aharon went and gathered together all the elders of the children of Ysra'al.  4:30 Aharon spoke all the words which YaHuWaH had spoken to Moshah, and did the signs in the sight of the people. 4:31 The people believed, and when they heard that YaHuWaH  had visited the children of Ysra'al, and that he had seen their affliction, then they bowed their heads and worshiped.

5:1 Afterward Moshah and Aharon came, and said to Par'oh, “This is what YaHuWaH, the Aluahiym of Ysra'al, says, ‘Let My people go, that they may hold a feast to Me in the wilderness.’”

5:2 Par'oh said, “Who is YaHuWaH, that I should listen to His Voice to let Ysra'al go? I do not recognize YaHuWaH! Besides, I will not let Ysra'al go.”

5:3 They said, “The Aluahiym of the Hebrews has met with us. Please let us go three days’ journey into the wilderness, and slaughter to YaHuWaH, our Aluahiym, lest He fall on us with pestilence, or with the sword.”

5:4 The king of Mitsrayim said to them, “Why do you, Moshah and Aharon, take the people from their work? Get back to your burdens!” 5:5 Par'oh said, “Behold, the people of the land are now many, and you make them rest from their burdens.” 

5:6 So on that day Par'oh commanded the taskmasters of the people, and their officers, saying, 5:7 “You shall no longer give the people straw to make brick, as before. Let them go and gather straw for themselves. 5:8 The number of the bricks, which they made before, you require from them. You shall not diminish anything of it, for they are idle; therefore they cry, saying, ‘Let us go and slaughter to our Aluahiym.’ 5:9 Let heavier work be laid on the men, that they may labor therein; and don’t let them pay any attention to lying words.”

5:10 The taskmasters of the people went out, and their officers, and they spoke to the people, saying, “This is what Par'oh says: ‘I will not give you straw. 5:11 Go yourselves, get straw where you can find it, for nothing of your work shall be diminished.’”  5:12 So the people were scattered abroad throughout all the land of Mitsrayim to gather stubble for straw. 5:13 The taskmasters were urgent saying, “Fulfill your work quota daily, as when there was straw!” 5:14 The officers of the children of Ysra'al, whom Par'oh’s taskmasters had set over them, were beaten, and demanded, “Why haven’t you fulfilled your quota both yesterday and today, in making brick as before?”

5:15 Then the officers [from among] of the children of Ysra'al came and cried to Par'oh, saying, “Why do you deal this way with your servants? 5:16 No straw is given to your servants, and they tell us, ‘Make brick!’ and behold, your servants are beaten; but the fault is in your own people.”

5:17 But he said, “You are idle! You are idle! Therefore you say, ‘Let us go and slaughter to YaHuWaH.’ 5:18 Go therefore now, and work, for no straw shall be given to you, yet you shall deliver the same number of bricks!”

5:19 The officers of the children of Ysra'al saw that they were in trouble, when it was said, “You shall not diminish anything from your daily quota of bricks!”

5:20 They met Moshah and Aharon, who stood in the way, as they came forth from Par'oh: 5:21 and they said to them, “May YaHuWaH  look at you, and judge, because you have made us a stench to be abhorred in the eyes of Par'oh, and in the eyes of his servants, to put a sword in their hand to kill us.”

5:22 Moshah returned to YaHuWaH, and said, “Master, why have You brought trouble on this people? Why is it that You have sent me? 5:23 For since I came to Par'oh to speak in Your Name, he has brought trouble on this people; neither have You delivered your people at all.”

6:1 YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “Now you shall see what I will do to Par'oh, for by a strong hand he shall let them go, and by a strong hand he shall drive them out of his land.”

6:2 Aluahiym spoke to Moshah, and said to him, “I AM YaHuWaH; 6:3 and I appeared to Abraham, to Yitschaq, and to Ya'aqob, as Al Shaddai; and by My Name YaHuWaH, was I not known to them? 

6:4 I have also established My covenant with them, to give them the land of Kean'nan, the land of their travels, in which they lived as aliens. 6:5 Moreover I have heard the groaning of the children of Ysra'al, whom the Mitsrites guard in bondage, and I have remembered My covenant. 6:6 Therefore tell the children of Ysra'al, ‘I AM YaHuWaH, and I will bring you out from under the burdens of the Mitsrites, and I will rid you out of their bondage, and I will redeem you with an outstretched Arm, and with great judgments: 6:7 and I will take you to Me for a people, and I will be to you an Aluahiym; and you shall know that I AM YaHuWaH your Aluahiym, Who brings you out from under the burdens of the Mitsrites.

I will take you to Me: Aram., "I will bring you close before Me". This is the terminology of taking a bride.

  6:8 I will bring you into the land which I swore to give to Abraham, to Yitschaq, and to Ya'aqob; and I will give it to you for a heritage: I AM YaHuWaH.’”

6:9 Moshah spoke so to the children of Ysra'al, but they didn’t listen to Moshah for anguish of spirit, and for cruel bondage.

6:10 YaHuWaH spoke to Moshah, saying, 6:11 “Go in, speak to Par'oh king of Mitsrayim, that he let the children of Ysra'al go out of his land.”

6:12 Moshah spoke before YaHuWaH, saying, “Behold, the children of Ysra'al haven’t listened to me. How then shall Par'oh listen to me, who am of uncircumcised lips?”  6:13YaHuWaH spoke to Moshah and to Aharon, and gave them a command to the children of Ysra'al, and to Par'oh king of Mitsrayim, to bring the children of Ysra'al out of the land of Mitsrayim.

6:14 These are the heads of their fathers’ houses. The sons of Re'uben the firstborn of Ysra'al: Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi; these are the families of Re'uben.

6:15 The sons of Shim'on: Yemuel, and Yamin, and Ohad, and Yachin, and Zohar, and Sha'ul the son of a  Kena'anite woman; these are the families of Shim'on. 6:16 These are the names of the sons of Lewi according to their generations: Gershon, and Kohath, and Merari; and the years of the life of Lewi were one hundred thirty-seven years. 

 6:17 The sons of Gershon: Libni and Shimei, according to their families.

 6:18 The sons of Kohath: Amram, and Izhar, and Hebron, and Uzziel; and the years of the life of Kohath were one hundred thirty-three years.

6:19 The sons of Merari: Mahli and Mushi. These are the families of the Lewites according to their generations. 

6:20 Amram took Yochebed his father’s sister to himself as wife; and she bore him Aharon and Moshah: and the years of the life of Amram were a hundred and thirty-seven years.

 6:21 The sons of Izhar: Korah, and Nepheg, and Zichri.

 6:22 The sons of Uzziel: Mishael, and Elzaphan, and Sithri.

 6:23 Aharon took Elisheba, the daughter of Amminadab, the sister of Nahshon, as his wife; and she bore him Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar. 6:24 The sons of Korah: Assir, and Elkanah, and Abiasaph; these are the families of the Korahites. 

6:25 Eleazar Aharon’s son took one of the daughters of Putiel as his wife; and she bore him Phinehas. These are the heads of the fathers’ houses of the Lewites according to their families. 

6:26 This is Aharon and Moshah, to whom YaHuWaH  said, “Bring out the children of Ysra'al from the land of Mitsrayim according to their armies.” 

6:27 These are those who spoke to Par'oh king of Mitsrayim, to bring out the children of Ysra'al from Mitsrayim. This is Moshah and Aharon.

6:28 It happened on the day when YaHuWaH  spoke to Moshah in the land of Mitsrayim, 6:29 that YaHuWaH  spoke to Moshah, saying, “I AM YaHuWaH. Speak to Par'oh king of Mitsrayim all that I speak to you.”

6:30 Moshah said before YaHuWaH, “Behold, I am of uncircumcised lips, and how shall Par'oh listen to me?”

7:1YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “Behold, I have made you as Aluahiym to Par'oh; and Aharon your brother shall be your prophet. 7:2 You shall speak all that I command you; and Aharon your brother shall speak to Par'oh, that he let the children of Ysra'al go out of his land. 7:3 I will harden Par'oh’s heart, and multiply My signs and My wonders in the land of Mitsrayim. 7:4 But Par'oh will not listen to you, and I will lay My Hand on Mitsrayim, and bring forth My armies, My people the children of Ysra'al, out of the land of Mitsrayim by great judgments.  7:5 The Mitsrites shall know that I AM YaHuWaH, when I stretch forth My Hand on Mitsrayim, and bring out the children of Ysra'al from among them.”

7:6 Moshah and Aharon did so as YaHuWaH commanded them, so they did. 7:7 Moshah was eighty years old, and Aharon eighty-three years old, when they spoke to Par'oh.

7:8YaHuWaH  spoke to Moshah and to Aharon, saying, 7:9 “When Par'oh speaks to you, saying, ‘Perform a miracle!’ then you shall tell Aharon, ‘Take your rod, and cast it down before Par'oh, that it become a serpent.’”

7:10 Moshah and Aharon went in to Par'oh, and they did so, as YaHuWaH  had commanded: and Aharon cast down his rod before Par'oh and before his servants, and it became a crocodile. 7:11 Then Par'oh also called for the wise men and the sorcerers. They also, the magicians of Mitsrayim, did in like manner with their enchantments. 7:12 For they cast down every man his rod, and they became crocodiles: but Aharon’s rod swallowed up their rods.  7:13 Par'oh’s heart was hardened, and he didn’t listen to them; as YaHuWaH  had spoken.

7:14 YaHuWaH said to Moshah, “Par'oh’s heart is stubborn. He refuses to let the people go.  7:15 Go to Par'oh in the morning. Behold, when he goes out to the water; and you shall stand by the river’s bank to meet him; and the rod which was turned to a serpent you shall take in your hand. 7:16 You shall tell him, ‘YaHuWaH, the Aluahiym of the Ibriym, has sent me to you, saying, “Let My people go, that they may serve Me in the wilderness:” and behold, until now you haven’t listened. 7:17 Thus says YaHuWaH, “In this you shall know that I AM YaHuWaH. Behold, I will strike with the rod that is in my hand on the waters which are in the river, and they shall be turned to blood. 7:18 The fish that are in the river shall die, and the river shall become foul; and the Mitsrites shall loathe to drink water from the river.”’” 7:19 YaHuWaH  said to Moshah,  (plague1.) “Tell Aharon, ‘Take your rod, and stretch out your hand over the waters of Mitsrayim, over their rivers, over their streams, and over their pools, and over all their ponds of water, that they may become blood; and there shall be blood throughout all the land of Mitsrayim, both in vessels of wood and in vessels of stone.’”

7:20 Moshah and Aharon did so, as YaHuWaH commanded; and he lifted up the rod, and struck the waters that were in the river, in the sight of Par'oh, and in the sight of his servants; and all the waters that were in the river were turned to blood.  7:21 The fish that were in the river died; and the river became foul, and the Mitsrites couldn’t drink water from the river; and the blood was throughout all the land of Mitsrayim.  7:22 The magicians of Mitsrayim did in like manner with their enchantments; and Par'oh’s heart was hardened, and he didn’t listen to them; as YaHuWaH had spoken. 7:23 Par'oh turned and went into his house, neither did he lay even this to heart. 7:24 All the Mitsrites dug around the River for water to drink; for they couldn’t drink of the water of the River. 7:25 And seven full days passed, after YaHuWaH had struck the river.

8:1YaHuWaH spoke to Moshah, Go in to Par'oh, and tell him, “This is what YaHuWaH says, ‘Send My people away, that they may serve Me. 8:2   If you refuse to let them go, behold, I will plague all your borders with frogs: 8:3 and the river shall swarm with frogs, which shall go up and come into your house, and into your bedchamber, and on your bed, and into the house of your servants, and on your people, and into your ovens, and into your kneading troughs: 8:4 and the frogs shall come up both on you, and on your people, and on all your servants.’” 8:5 YaHuWaH said to Moshah, “Tell Aharon,  (plague 2.) ‘Stretch forth your hand with your rod over the rivers, over the streams, and over the pools, and cause frogs to come up on the land of Mitsrayim.’” 8:6  Aharon stretched out his hand over the waters of Mitsrayim; and the frogs came up, and covered the land of Mitsrayim. 8:7 The magicians did in like manner with their enchantments, and brought up frogs on the land of Mitsrayim.

8:8 Then Par'oh called for Moshah and Aharon, and said, “Entreat YaHuWaH, that He take away the frogs from me, and from my people; and I will let the people go, that they may slaughter to YaHuWaH.”

8:9 Moshah said to Par'oh, “I give you the choice of setting the time that I should pray for you, and for your servants, and for your people, that the frogs be destroyed from you and your houses, and remain in the river only.”

8:10 He said, “Tomorrow.”

He said, “Be it according to your word, that you may know that there is none like YaHuWaH our Aluahiym. 8:11 The frogs shall depart from you, and from your houses, and from your servants, and from your people. They shall remain in the River only.”

8:12 Moshah and Aharon went out from Par'oh, and Moshah cried to YaHuWaH  concerning the frogs which he had brought on Par'oh. 8:13 YaHuWaH did according to the word of Moshah, and the frogs died out of the houses, out of the courts, and out of the fields. 8:14 They gathered them together in heaps, and the land stank. 8:15 But when Par'oh saw that there was a respite, he hardened his heart, and didn’t listen to them, as YaHuWaH had spoken.

8:16 YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “Tell Aharon,  (plague 3,) ‘Stretch out your rod, and strike the dust of the earth, that it may become lice throughout all the land of Mitsrayim.’”  8:17 They did so; and Aharon stretched out his hand with his rod, and struck the dust of the earth, and there were lice on man, and on animal; all the dust of the earth became lice throughout all the land of Mitsrayim. 8:18 The magicians tried with their enchantments to bring forth lice, but they couldn’t. There were lice on man, and on animal. 8:19 Then the magicians said to Par'oh, “This is the finger of Aluahiym:” and Par'oh’s heart was hardened, and he didn’t listen to them; as YaHuWaH had spoken.

8:20 YaHuWaH said to Moshah, “Rise up early in the morning, and stand in the way of Par'oh; take notice of when he comes forth to the water; and tell him, ‘This is what YaHuWaH says, “Let My people go, that they may serve Me. 8:21 Else, if you will not let My people go, behold, I will send swarms upon you, and on your servants, and on your people, and into your houses: and the houses of the Mitsrites shall be full of swarms, and also the ground whereon they are.

Swarms: it does not specify what type of animals or insects this entailed, though the LXX says the "dog-fly". Its name means "mixed", "with constant or involved motion", or what “darkens” the ground. Josephus calls it "various sorts of pestilential creatures, with their various properties". (See also note on 9:24)

 8:22 And in That Day I will set apart the Land of Goshen, in which My people dwell, that no swarms shall be there; to the end you may know that I AM YaHuWaH [the One Who exists]  in the midst of the earth.

"In that Day" often has a prophetic reference to the seventh Millennium, a sabbatical time when the Land of Ysra'al will be at REST. (The word for "remaining" here basically means "standing still".) Perhaps this is the first that did not affect Ysra'al, because until this time they were still scattered all over Mitsrayim, and now they came home. Goshen means "draw near", and this regathering was an essential prerequisite for their departure from Mitsrayim, just as the "fallen sukkah of David" must be raised back up BEFORE the descendants of Ysra'al will again return to their land (Amos 9:11), and as one must ascend many steps before entering the Temple proper. Goshen had none of the benefits of mainstream Mitsrayim; all that was there were a lot of sheep, but that is why it was given to Ysra'al, whose purpose is to feed Yahuwah’s sheep. Note that it was only for the later plagues that touched the people themselves that the land of Goshen (which was only under Mitsrayim’s military jurisdiction) received a different treatment than the land of Mitsrayim proper. Ysra'al will be affected by part of the great tribulation, because the plagues of Revelation are coming on all the world. But during the latter, worse, part, they will be gathered together and hidden in "the secret place of the Most High" (cf. Psalm 91) where they will be near the destruction of the wicked, but will only see it; the plague will not come near their tent (the Tabernacle they will again have with them in that short replay of the wilderness wanderings that followed this Exodus).

 8:23  (plague 4.) I will put a division between My people and your people: by tomorrow shall this sign be.”’” 

A division: The word also means “ransom”. (Used thus in Psalms 111:9; 130:7) So redemption makes us separate from what we have been. Notice that we hear no more about them making bricks, so this may have brought some reprieve from their hard labor. For tomorrow: this suggests a fulfillment for the time to come as well--the watershed of watersheds, when everyone will be given one final mandate to take one side of the other--Ysra'al or "Mitsrayim". The seven days' waiting period for those of uncertain diagnosis in cases of leprosy (Leviticus 13) may be a foreshadowing of that seven-year period (Daniel 9:24ff).

8:24 YaHuWaH did so; and there came grievous swarms of flies  into the house of Par'oh, and into his servants’ houses: and in all the land of Mitsrayim the land was corrupted by reason of the swarms.

8:25 Par'oh called for Moshah and for Aharon, and said, “Go, slaughter to your Aluahiym  -- but here in the land!”

8:26 Moshah said, “It isn’t safe to do so; for we would be slaughtering the abomination of the Mitsrites to YaHuWaH our Aluahiym. See, if we slaughter the abomination of the Mitsrites before their eyes, and won’t they stone us?  8:27 We will go three days’ journey into the wilderness, and slaughter to YaHuWaH  our Aluahiym, as He shall command us.”

8:28 Par'oh said, “I will let you go, that you may slaughter to YaHuWaH your Aluahiym in the wilderness, only you shall not go very far away. Pray for me.”

8:29 Moshah said, “Behold, I go out from you, and I will pray to YaHuWaH that the swarms may depart from Par'oh, from his servants, and from his people, tomorrow; only don’t let Par'oh deal deceitfully any more in not letting the people go to slaughter to YaHuWaH.” 8:30 Moshah went out from Par'oh, and prayed to YaHuWaH. 8:31YaHuWaH did according to the word of Moshah, and he removed the swarms of flies from Par'oh, from his servants, and from his people. There remained not one. 8:32 Par'oh hardened his heart this time also, and he didn’t let the people go.

9:1 So YaHuWaH said to Moshah, “Go in to Par'oh, and tell him, ‘This is what YaHuWaH, the Aluahiym of the Ibriym, says: “Let My people go, that they may serve Me.  9:2  (plague 5.) For if you refuse to let them go, and hold them still, 9:3 behold, the Hand of YaHuWaH is on your livestock which are in the field, on the horses, on the donkeys, on the camels, on the herds, and on the flocks with a very grievous pestilence.

Livestock: the Hebrew word means “acquired possessions”, so it may be a foreshadowing of His judgment on the possessions owned by the Church.

 9:4 YaHuWaH will make a distinction between the livestock of Ysra'al and the livestock of Mitsrayim; and there shall nothing die of all that belongs to the children of Ysra'al.”’” 9:5 YaHuWaH  appointed a set time, saying, “Tomorrow YaHuWaH shall do this thing in the land.” 9:6 YaHuWaH did that thing on the next day; and all the livestock of Mitsrayim died, but of the livestock of the children of Ysra'al, not one died. 9:7 Par'oh sent, and, behold, there was not so much as one of the livestock of the Ysra'alites dead. But the heart of Par'oh was stubborn, and he didn’t let the people go

9:8  (plague 6.) YaHuWaH said to Moshah and to Aharon, “Take to you handfuls of ashes of the furnace, and let Moshah sprinkle it toward the sky in the sight of Par'oh. 9:9 It shall become fine dust over all the land of Mitsrayim, and it shall cause boils to break forth on man and on animal, throughout all the land of Mitsrayim.”

9:10 They took ashes of the furnace, and stood before Par'oh; and Moshah sprinkled it up toward the sky; and it caused boils to break  forth with on man and on animal.  

The result of this ash taken from a kiln was very much like what happens after one is burned. Josephus adds that before the blisters broke out, the disease had already "inwardly consumed" them. This is a foreshadowing of the "grievous sores" that will be poured out on all who take the Mark of the Beast (Rev. 16:2), who, like Pharaoh, tries to claim the position of Yahuwah.

9:11 The magicians couldn’t stand before Moshah because of the boils; for the boils were on the magicians, and on all the Mitsrites. 9:12 YaHuWaH  hardened the heart of Par'oh, and he didn’t listen to them, as YaHuWaH  had spoken to Moshah.

 Note that there is no record of this plague ever being cut short as the others had been. So there will now be a cumulative effect of the plagues upon Mitsrayim.

9:13 YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Par'oh, and tell him, ‘This is what YaHuWaH, the Aluahiym of the Hebrews, says: “Let My people go, that they may serve Me. 9:14 For this time I will send all My plagues against your heart, against your officials, and against your people; that you may know that there is none like Me in all the earth.  9:15 For now I would have put forth My Hand, and struck you and your people with pestilence, and you would have been cut off from the earth; 9:16 but indeed for this cause I have raised you up: to show you My power, and that My Name may be declared throughout all the earth; 9:17 as you still exalt yourself against My people, that you won’t let them go. 9:18  (plague 7.) Behold, tomorrow about this time I will cause it to rain a very grievous hail, such as has not been in Mitsrayim since the day it was founded even until now. 9:19 Now therefore command that all of your livestock and all that you have in the field be brought into shelter. Every man and animal that is found in the field, and isn’t brought home, the hail shall come down on them, and they shall die.”’”

Your livestock: But weren’t they all dead? (v. 6) The Ysra'alites who had some left must have sold them some again. Field: Yahuwshuwah says this is a symbol of the world (Matt. 13:38), i.e., the pagan/humanistic "system"; compare Rev. 14:9-10). Yahuwah is building one "new man", while the world simultaneously is constructing a counterfeit unity, and ultimately there will be a showdown between the only two entities left on earth. Indoors: literally, "home" or "into the house". The "house" that Yahuwah is building with Yahuwshuwah as the cornerstone is the "ark of protection" for His "flocks and herds" in our day. Human: Heb., Adam. (See note on v. 25.)

9:20 Those who feared the word of YaHuWaH among the servants of Par'oh made their servants and their livestock flee into the houses.

Servants of Pharaoh: His own were turning against him (v. 11), but there were apparently still Ysra'alites in Mitsrayim proper who thought of themselves as belonging to him, for they had not yet seen the need to move into Goshen to rejoin their true community. The Scripture is written for Ysra'al. Therefore, the plagues discussed in Revelation are also meant to call out those who belong there but are still within the church, and motivate them to be true Hebrews and “cross over”. Yet apparently some will not; tradition says the Counterfeit Messiah will be from the tribe of Dan.

 9:21 Whoever didn’t respect the word of YaHuWaH left his servants and his livestock in the field.

Left: literally, deserted, abandoned, or neglected. This is reminiscent of Noach's ark. Place any value on the word: They were preparing for the harvest (v. 31); it would be foolish according to natural wisdom (1 Cor. 1:18-31) to bring everything back inside now. But “whoever does not believe on Him is condemned already”, says Yochanan 3:18, in the context of Moshah lifting up the serpent (which could also have a reference to his picking it up by the tail) and Yahuwah giving up His only Son (the last plague He would bring on Mitsrayim) but sparing any who would trust Him.

9:22 YaHuWaH said to Moshah, “Stretch forth your hand toward the sky, that there may be hail in all the land of Mitsrayim, on man, and on animal, and on every herb of the field, throughout the land of Mitsrayim.”

9:23 Moshah stretched forth his rod toward the heavens, and YaHuWaH sent thunder, hail, and lightning flashed down to the earth.YaHuWaH rained hail on the land of Mitsrayim. 

Loud noises: or thunderings. Psalm 18 describes "coals of fire" falling from the heavens at this time.

 9:24 So there was very severe hail, and lightning mixed with the hail, such as had not been in all the land of Mitsrayim since it became a nation.

Velikovsky cites story after story from every part of the world of similar conditions at this very time, most notably American Indian legends in which the heavens came very close to the earth and repeated shouts of "Yahuw!" were heard--this being the very pronunciation of the shortened version of "YaHuWaH" in Ibriy, which we know from names like "NetanYahuw" YirmeYahuw, and others. The Chinese speak of a cataclysmic time in the "days of Yahou". 

 9:25 The hail struck throughout all the land of Mitsrayim all that was in the field, both man and animal; and the hail struck every herb of the field, and broke every tree of the field.  9:26 Only in the land of Goshen, where the children of Ysra'al were, there was no hail.

9:27 Par'oh sent, and called for Moshah and Aharon, and said to them, “I have sinned this time. YaHuWaH is righteous, and I and my people are wicked. 9:28 Pray to YaHuWaH; for there has been enough of mighty thunderings and hail. I will let you go, and you shall stay no longer.”

9:29 Moshah said to him, “As soon as I have gone out of the city, I will spread abroad my hands to YaHuWaH. The thunders shall cease, neither shall there be any more hail; that you may know that the earth is YaHuWaH’s. 9:30 But as for you and your servants, I know that you don’t yet fear YaHuWaH Aluahiym.”

9:31 The flax and the barley were struck, for the barley was in the ear, and the flax was in bloom. 

This stage of barley’s maturation is how the new moon of Abib is identified, and the new year cannot be declared nor can Passover come until this stage is reached. Flax is what the priests’ garments were made of, so the destruction of these parallels the destruction of those who were meant to be firstfruits among those who went to Goshen, but failed to do so. But there is a second harvest of those who are Yahuwah’s chosen yet not “on time to the wedding feast” (cf. Mat. 25:1ff):

9:32 But the wheat and the spelt were not struck, for they had not grown up.

Rye: or spelt. Ripened: changing to a darker color. LXX, "they were late". This may parallel those in Kanaan whose sin had not yet reached the point where Yahuwah had to destroy them. (Gen. 15:16) Since there was still some semblance of hope left for Mitsrayim, they held out this hope rather than surrendering to Yahuwah, just as the people alive during the Great Tribulation will keep refusing to repent after many such warnings. (Rev. 9:20-21)

9:33 Moshah went out of the city from Par'oh, and spread abroad his hands to YaHuWaH; and the thunders and hail ceased, and the rain was not poured on the earth. 9:34 When Par'oh saw that the rain and the hail and the thunders were ceased, he sinned yet more, and hardened his heart, he and his servants. 9:35 The heart of Par'oh was hardened, and he didn’t let the children of Ysra'al go -- just as YaHuWaH had said.  Had said: all the way back at the burning bush.

10:1 YaHuWaH said to Moshah, “Go in to Par'oh, for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I may show these My signs in the midst of them,  10:2 and that you may tell in the hearing of your son, and of your son’s son, what things I have done to Mitsrayim, and My signs which I have done among them; that you may know that I AM YaHuWaH.”

10:3 Moshah and Aharon went in to Par'oh, and said to him, “This is what YaHuWaH, the Aluahiym of the Hebrews, says: ‘How long will you refuse to humble yourself before Me? Let My people go, that they may serve Me.

10:4  (plague 8.) Or else, if you refuse to let My people go, behold, tomorrow I will bring locusts into your country, 

Locusts are one of the few insects that are clean (kosher), and they represent an army (Prov. 30:27, etc.)--a pure army--brought in judgment on an idolatrous land. But the Hebrew word for “locust” is based on the word for “many” (hence the swarm) or “increase”. The root word for “territory” means “a rope”, as in cordoning off a border. Hence, on a deeper level YaHuWaH is saying He is “increasing Par'oh’s rope”. This theme picks up again in v. 7.

 10:5 and they shall cover the eye of the land, so that one won’t be able to see the ground. They shall eat the residue of that which has escaped , which remains to you from the hail, and shall eat every tree which grows for you out of the field. 

Cover the eye: Aramaic Targum Onqelos explains that this means it would obscure the view of the sun. There are hieroglyphic drawings in Mitsrayim representing Ra (the sun-god) as an eyeball. So again this is an attack on the chief deity of Mitsrayim. The stones: i.e., those that fell from the sky.

 10:6 Your houses shall be filled, and the houses of all your servants, and the houses of all the Mitsrites; as neither your fathers nor your fathers’ fathers have seen, since the day that they were on the earth to this day.’” He turned, and went out from Par'oh.

10:7 Par'oh’s servants said to him, “How long will this man be a noose to us? Let the men go, that they may serve YaHuWaH, their Aluahiym. Don’t you yet know that Mitsrayim is already a lost cause?”

 A lost cause: literally, Don't you yet know that Mitsrayim is vanishing (or slipping away; LXX: destroyed)? Par'oh's servants recognize that YaHuWaH is indeed their Aluahiym; Par'oh is not. Now Par'oh's servants, seeing that someone could show disrespect for Par'oh with impunity, begin to take presumptuous liberties with him as well, daring to tell him what he should do.

10:8 Moshah and Aharon were brought again to Par'oh, and he said to them, “Go, serve YaHuWaH  your Aluahiym; but who in particular will be going?”

Now Par'oh realizes he has no option but to be somewhat reasonable, but still he wants to set the conditions. Mitsrayim’s modern counterpart, the Church, is willing to let us keep the Feasts, even using their buildings, as long as we do things their way and keep paying our tithes to them. But that would mean they were still enslaved. This was YaHuWaH’s warning to Moshah that he needed to avoid “taking Mitsrayim with him” when he left.

10:9 Moshah said, “We will go with our young and with our old; with our sons and with our daughters, with our flocks and with our herds will we go; for it is a joyful festival of YaHuWaH for us!”

10:10 He said to them, “YaHuWaH had better be with you if I let you go with your little ones! Pay attention, because Ra (evil) is before your face!

YaHuWaH had better be with you: if you try to leave ME!" I.e., I am out of your league! Par'oh considered himself to be a god--Ra incarnate. He probably stood up and brought his face very close to Moshah's for added effect. But the Ibriy word for "evil" is very similar to the name of this Mitsrayimian god, so it could read, "Watch out, because evil is before your face!" Before: or “parallel to”; i.e., your equal (another Aluahiym), your evil counterpart. Moshah had buried the Mitsrayimian in him in the sand forty years before, but did not give him a full burial, and now he was back and could destroy him if he was not careful. Our evil inclination reminds us of what we once were, trying to intimidate us. This type of obstacle rears its head, especially when one of YaHuWaH’s festivals is coming up, but it has no real power to back up its words in comparison to YaHuWaH. Your little ones: The battle is over the children. It would be of little benefit in the long run if the adults left Mitsrayim, but the next generation was left under its influence.

10:11 Not so! Go now you who are men, and serve YaHuWaH; for that is what you desire!” They were driven out from Par'oh’s presence.

10:12 YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “Stretch out your hand over the land of Mitsrayim for the locusts, that they may come up on the land of Mitsrayim, and eat every herb of the land, even all that the hail has left.”  

10:13 Moshah stretched forth his staff over the land of Mitsrayim, and YaHuWaH brought an east wind on the land all that day, and all the night; and when it was morning, the east wind brought the locusts. 

So we see that his hand and his staff (or rod) were considered synonymous, because both of them are idioms for the Messiah. A staff also extends the strength of one’s hand. 

10:14 The locusts went up over all the land of Mitsrayim, and rested in all the borders of Mitsrayim - very massive/intense ones. Before them there were no such locusts as they, neither after them shall be such. 10:15 For they covered the surface of the whole earth, so that the land was darkened, and they ate every herb of the land, and all the fruit of the trees which the hail had left. There remained nothing green, either tree or herb of the field, through all the land of Mitsrayim. 

Notice all the parallels with Bereshiyth 1: wind or spirit, day and night, darkness, a ruin and desolation and no greenery. It symbolically shows that YaHuWaH is creating something new --the nation of Israel--which reverses the curse that came upon creation. But Mitsrayim is symbolic of all that opposes this revolution. The wheat that had appeared to be their only remaining food was now gone too.

10:16 Then Par'oh called for Moshah and Aharon in haste, and he said, “I have sinned against YaHuWaH your Aluahiym, and against you. 10:17 Now therefore please release my sin again, and pray to YaHuWaH your Aluahiym, that He may also take away from me this death.”

If the locusts were to remain in Mitsrayim and deposit their larvae, all later harvests would also be doomed as well. (Hirsch) Your Elohiym: Par'oh finally realizes he’s done the wrong thing. He believes and has confessed his sin. Yet he still does not consider YaHuWaH his own Elohiym, because he was unwilling to submit to YaHuWaH’s Torah and be His servant. He had faith without works. Par'oh thought things could get back to normal if only YaHuWaH’s judgment was turned away—the common attitude in the Church, today’s “Mitsrayim”. But he could no longer be lukewarm. YaHuWaH wants us either hot or cold. There is a point (as the very end of the Scripture tells us) at which one is written into the Book of the Wicked, and it becomes futile to try to turn back. He had made too many wrong choices, and now it was too late to repent. Yet just to prove YaHuWaH’s point...

10:18 He went out from Par'oh, and prayed to YaHuWaH. 10:19YaHuWaH turned an exceeding strong west wind, which took up the locusts, and drove them into the Sea of Suf. There remained not one locust in all the borders of Mitsrayim. 10:20 but YaHuWaH  hardened Par'oh’s heart, and he didn’t let the children of Ysra'al go.

10:21 YaHuWaH  said to Moshah,  (plague 9.) “Stretch out your hand toward the sky, that there may be darkness over the land of Mitsrayim, even darkness which may be felt.”

May come: Targum Onqelos adds, "after the darkness of night has departed". Par'oh was not given a warning this time.

 10:22 Moshah stretched forth his hand toward the sky, and there was a thick darkness in all the land of Mitsrayim three days.

Darkness of gloom: or "thick darkness", which Josephus says was "without the least light", He says their breathing was also "hindered by the thickness of the air, and they died miserably, and under a terror lest they should be swallowed up by the dark cloud."

10:23 They didn’t see one another, neither did anyone rise from his place for three days; but all the children of Ysra'al had light in their dwellings.

YaHuWSHuWaH is called the "sun of righteousness", and he was not seen for three days.

10:24 Par'oh called to Moshah, and said, “Go, serve YaHuWaH. Only let your flocks and your herds stay behind. Let your little ones also go with you.”

10:25 Moshah said, “You must also give into our hand slaughters and burnt offerings, that we may slaughter to YaHuWaH our Aluahiym. 10:26 Our livestock also shall go with us. There shall not a hoof be left behind, for of it we must take to serve YaHuWaH our Aluahiym; and we don’t know with what we must serve YaHuWaH, until we come there.”

"We don't know what we're going to need. He might ask us for everything, so how can we leave anything behind?" Par'oh did not yet get the point that it was not Moshah's choice what he could or could not take. What YaHuWaH wants, YaHuWaH gets. Holding back is not only not our right; it is robbery. YaHuWaH did not teach them about burnt offerings or sacrifices until after they had left Mitsrayim (Yirmeyahuw 7:22), and until we leave our “Mitsrayim", we are unable to learn properly how to serve Him. Gathering in Goshen is not enough; we have to go to the wilderness, literally the “place of the Word” and draw even nearer, serving Him as His Word requires, not using grace as an excuse. He has purchased us, whether we acknowledge this or not, and since our ancestors dedicated us to His covenant, it is our obligation. Perhaps they would even need to leave some of their own possessions behind in Mitsrayim in order to carry the things the Mitsrayimians had to give them, which YaHuWaH wanted them to use in building the Tabernacle.

10:27 But YaHuWaH  hardened Par'oh’s heart, and he wouldn’t let them go. 10:28 Par'oh said to him, “Get away from me! Be careful to see my face no more; for in the day you see my face you shall die!”

10:29 Moshah said, “You have spoken well. I will see your face again no more.”

11:1YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “Yet one plague more will I bring on Par'oh, and on Mitsrayim; afterwards he will let you go. When he lets you go, he will utterly drive you away for sure.

The term “drive” here is the one used of divorce in Ibriy. There was another "god" vying for their hearts. Utterly: in unpointed Ibriy (which is the original way it was written), this is spelled the same as “bride”. Thus it could just as well read, “a bride he will utterly divorce you”. They were no longer "married" to Mitsrayim in any way, leaving Israel free to be betrothed to YaHuWaH, as would indeed be the scenario at Mt. Sinai. How much more does He want to give us that He will only tell us if we obey the light we already have?

 11:2 Speak now in the ears of the people, and let them ask every man of his neighbor, and every woman of her neighbor, jewels of silver, and jewels of gold.” 

Speak in the ears: the LXX adds "secretly". Articles: or vessels--in Scripture, often pictures of people as containers for the Ruwach. Silver and gold were the metals worthy of use in building the items needed for the Dwelling Place. They were not for personal use. But the root word from which “articles” stems is again the word for “bride”, so these were to also be used as ornaments to adorn YaHuWaH’s “bride” on the day of her betrothal!

 11:3 YaHuWaH gave the people favor in the sight of the Mitsrites. Moreover the man Moshah was very great in the land of Mitsrayim, in the sight of Par'oh’s servants, and in the sight of the people.

11:4 Moshah said,  (plague10.) “This is what YaHuWaH  says: ‘About midnight I will go out into the midst of Mitsrayim, 11:5 and all the firstborn in the land of Mitsrayim shall die, from the firstborn of Par'oh (the one who sits on his throne), even to the firstborn of the female servant who is behind the mill; and all the firstborn of livestock. 11:6 There shall be a great cry throughout all the land of Mitsrayim, such as there has not been, nor shall be any more. 11:7 But against any of the children of Ysra'al a dog won’t even bark or move its tongue, against man or animal; that you may know that YaHuWaH makes a miraculous distinction between the Mitsrites and Ysra'al. 

 Jewish tradition says that because the dogs remained quiet at this time, YaHuWaH gave them the gift of being able to sense the angel of death, and the same tradition is extant in Mexico (another nation that places much emphasis on death). Personal anecdotes seem to uphold this idea. But perhaps the dogs were silent because they would not even sense the death angel among those who had gathered as Ysra'al. Anubis, the Mitsrayimian god of mummification was half-dog (or jackal), half-man, who supposedly assisted in the rites by which the dead were admitted to the underworld. They are depicted as guarding the tombs of Par'ohs. Part of this “distinction” was also to show Mitsrayim that their god of death had no power to protect their firstborn, while He could protect His. (4:22) Man or beast: symbolic of the redeemed and the redeemable; elsewhere in Scripture, dogs are seen as symbolic of the unredeemable, just as Par'oh had proven to be. Compare Psalm 22:16, 20, where the psalmist prays for deliverance from the power of a dog. This is a psalm YaHuWSHuWaH quoted while dying, so on that level it has a special reference to haSatan. The word for “distinction” here means something that Mitsrayim could not imitate—the typical term for “wonders” beyond man’s reach. This is also a name by which YaHuWSHuWaH is referred to (Judges. 13:18; Yash. 9:6) Ysra'al was poor and downtrodden, while Mitsrayim was powerful, but like the many stories of a prince being willing to give up a great military alliance to marry a commoner whom he loved, YaHuWaH was willing to part with Mitsrayim in order to redeem Ysra'al. (YashaYahuw 43:3) He does not have the same kind of covenant with any other people. (Yirm. 31:31) YaHuWaH did not make such a distinction between Jews and the “Gentiles” (northern-kingdom Ysra'alites who had mixed with the nations, Hos. 7:8) who were returning to Him, because they were now part of Ysra'al as well. (Acts 15:8-9)

11:8 All these your servants shall come down to me, and bow down themselves to me, saying, “Get out, with all the people who follow you;” and after that I will go out.’” He went out from Par'oh in hot anger.

11:9 YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “Par'oh won’t listen to you, that My wonders may be multiplied in the land of Mitsrayim.” 11:10 Moshah and Aharon did all these wonders before Par'oh, and YaHuWaH  hardened Par'oh’s heart, and he didn’t let the children of Ysra'al go out of his land.

12:1 YaHuWaH spoke to Moshah and Aharon in the land of Mitsrayim, saying, 12:2 “This month is the beginning of months to you. It is the first month of the year to you. (Abib)

The first command given to the corporate people of Ysra'al was "change your calendar".  Mitsrayim was based on the sun; their calendar would be based on the moon in direct contrast. They no longer have anything to do with the sun. "There is nothing new under the sun" (Ecclesiastes), but the moon is renewed twelve times a year! (The terms "moon" and "renewing" are the same in Ibriy.) YaHuWaH can thus still "do a new thing". The moon is said to be "born again". Interestingly, Nakdimon (Nicodemus) visited YaHuWSHuWaH at night, when the moon is visible, and learned from this vivid picture of rebirth. For you: The calendar stayed the same for the rest of creation, and indeed the civil calendar of Ysra'al still begins in what is now the seventh month of the religious calendar. The Ibriy word for year really means “reduplication”, so the last sentence could be read, [This renewal] will be the first of the renewals that will be repeated. YashaYahuw 27:12-13 and YirmeYahuw 23:7-8 tell us that the exodus will indeed be repeated.

 12:3 Speak to all the congregation of Ysra'al, saying, ‘On the tenth day of this month, they shall each select for themselves an animal from the flock per ancestral house,  that is, one the flock animal per household; 

Per ancestral house: literally, "For a house of fathers". This is the purpose of the slaughterd Lamb, YaHuWSHuWaH—to build a house of living stones for his Father to indwell. The Lamb was not to be from Mitsrayim or imported from anywhere else, just as YaHuWSHuWaH was from among the flock of Ysra'al.

12:4 and if the household is too little for a flock animal, then he and his neighbor next to his house shall take one according to the number of the souls; according to what everyone can eat you shall make your count for the flock animal. 

Persons: literally, "souls". How much each one can eat: literally, "man according to the mouth of his eating". Smaller families were to share one lamb so the life of the animal would not be taken and then some of the meat wasted, because they could not take it with them.

 12:5 Your animal from the flock shall be without blemish, a male a year old. You shall take it from the sheep, or from the goats: 12:6 and you shall watch over it until the fourteenth day of the same month; and the whole assembly of the congregation of Ysra'al shall kill it at the evening. 

Watch over it: or observe it, to be sure there were no defects. YaHuWSHuWaH was "observed" or inspected by everyone from the day of the "triumphal entry" until Passover: the P'rushim quit asking him questions; Pontius Pilate found no fault in him and washed his hands of any liability; and the crucifying soldier declared him to be necessarily the Son of YaHuWaH. The whole congregation: Psalm 22 says he was surrounded by dogs (an idiom for Gentiles), lions (the symbol of Judah), and bulls (a symbol of Ephraim or the northern Kingdom--showing that everyone was present to kill him, and no one group in particular can be blamed for His murder. "Between the evenings": the word for "evening" is based on "mixture" or "transition", so "between the evenings" could possibly mean between the sunset twilight and the sunrise twilight. By the time of the second Temple, it was offered between the first and second evening oblation, which translates to the ninth hour (3:00 p.m.), which is exactly when YaHuWSHuWaH was slain on Passover. Why the 14th? The way to write the number 14 in Ibriy is with the letters yod and dalet, which spell the word for “hand”. Indeed, YaHuWaH had said He would stretch out His Hand over Mitsrayim (3:19) and lay His Hand on it (7:4). The Passover lamb was thus to be kept until the fullness of YaHuWaH’s Hand (Mashiyach) comes. YaHuWSHuWaH, thus, is the one who strikes Mitsrayim down.

12:7 They shall take some of the blood, and put it on the two doorposts and on the lintel, on the houses in which they shall eat it.

Moshah later commanded the Ysra'alites to write the words of the Torah on their doorposts, because the commandment would be "life" to them (Deut. 32:47). It would form the letter “heth”, the first letter in the Ibriy word for “life”. Blood is where the "life of the flesh" resides (Lev. 17:14).

 12:8 They shall eat the flesh in that night, roasted with fire, and unleavened bread. They shall eat it with bitter herbs. 

Bitter herbs: possibly "bitter things", or simply "bitterness". The word for "flesh" is basar. It can mean "meat", and because the locating of meat for consumption is glad news for hungry people, the word basar also came to mean "good news". It is the Hebrew equivalent of the word "gospel”. We could also alternately translate "the life of the flesh is in the blood" as "blood is the soul of the gospel". The glad news is about the blood of YaHuWSHuWaH. One reason blood is not to be eaten is that it is what makes atonement for the soul (Lev. 17:11). His Body needs his blood in order to live spiritually. The word for "blood" is dam, and occasionally this also refers to wine. This can explain why YaHuWSHuWaH said that unless we eat his flesh (the gospel) and drink his blood (the Passover wine that symbolizes what his blood means to us), we have no life in us. (Yahuwchanan 6:53)

12:9 Don’t eat it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roasted with fire; with its head, its legs and its inner parts. 

It was not to be boiled, because YaHuWaH had promised Noah that the world would not be destroyed by a flood again; next time it will be by fire. (Yahuwchanan the Immerser said YaHuWSHuWaH would baptize with fire, not water.) Its entrails: The intestines were wrapped around the head and it was called the "crowned slaughter"; YaHuWSHuWaH, Who is Himself called "our Passover" (1 Corinthians 5:7) , had a crown of thorns woven for Him. The whole animal was to be consumed. We don’t just give YaHuWaH our head or our knees, but all of us. The entrails are what the flesh contains. In Ibriy “flesh” is the same as “gospel”. Though YaHuWSHuWaH is the Head, the gospel we partake of has to have some content as well, and it is this: “If you love Me, keep My Commandments”.

12:10 You shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; but that which remains of it until the morning you shall burn with fire. 12:11 This is how you shall eat it: with your waist girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and you shall eat it in haste: it is YaHuWaH’s Passover. 

Your belt tied: literally, "your hips bound", since loose flowing robes would hinder quick movement if not secured tightly first. Paul links this with truth in Eph. 6, because if we have the facts secured, we cannot be fooled. Shoes on your feet: prepared, as seen in its connection to spreading the glad news. (Yashayahuw 52:7; Eph. 6) Staff in hand: Perhaps they had to dig their shepherds’ staffs out of storage, since they had not used them in so long. A shepherd’s staff often had events from one’s life carved on it, so this would remind them of who they really were. They were not to live as slaves anymore. Passover: literally, "skipping-over"; the reason for this will be seen in v. 13. The Passover is not the feast itself, but the sacrifice of this particular lamb, done in a particular way as specified here. Not just any blood would do, especially not from unclean animals; specifications of every aspect are given. Josephus adds that Moshah got the Hebrews ready for their departure by sorting them according to their tribes.

12:12 For I will pass/cross through the land of Mitsrayim in that night, and will strike all the firstborn in the land of Mitsrayim, both man and animal. Against all the mighty ones of Mitsrayim I will execute judgments: I AM YaHuWaH.

Cross: or pass through, the word for “Hebrew”, so YaHuWaH Himself became a Hebrew here! Aram., "reveal Myself in..." Gods: Aram., "abominations". The last of the gods of Mitsrayim was Par'oh's own son, the next "incarnation of Ra", so to speak. He humiliated the greatest world power before killing them.

 12:13 The blood shall be to you for a token on the houses where you are: and when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and there shall no plague be on you to destroy you, when I strike the land of Mitsrayim.

The houses where you are: no longer "your houses", because they are ready to leave. The first stop in the Exodus, however, was the house. They had to be gathered into the primary administrative unit of Ysra'el first. Skip over: Aramaic, "spare". Plague: the word in Hebrew includes the sense of it being a mortal blow.

12:14 This day (Passover) shall be to you for a memorial, and you shall guard it as a feast (#4150/2282) to YaHuWaH: throughout your generations you shall guard it as a feast by an ordinance forever.

Festival: the word means “moving in a circle”. Generations is from a word for “gyration”. As the gyration of a top keeps it upright when spinning, or a ceiling fan must be balanced to spin properly, remembrance of the feast of unleavened bread keeps our “circle” in balance. Keeping it in season connects us to the other generations. But once we lost track of the right season, soon the “fan” spun so wildly that it was turned off altogether for our ancestors, but we can reclaim it.

12:15 “‘Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread; even the first day you shall put away leaven out of your houses, for whoever eats leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall be cut off from Ysra'al. 

Note that we are not just commanded to not eat leaven, but to actually eat unleavened bread. YaHuWSHuWaH calls himself the bread that came down from heaven (Yahuwchanan 6:51-56), and equates his body with the bread of Passover. He alone was without sin, and we must "consume" his flesh (which is true food, he says)--have a definite part in him, not just cease from sinning. But in Hebrew "flesh" and "good news" are the same--so what he said was that we must "consume his glad news". (See note on 23:14.) Gen. 1:27 says Adam, before Chuwah was separated out from him, was created male and female. The root meanings of these words, though, are “marked (or striped) and pierced”, which was true for YaHuWSHuWaH (Zech. 12:10; Yesh. ) and is particular true of matzah; thus, it is in many ways a picture of Him.

12:16 In the first day there shall be to you a set apart convocation, and in the seventh day a set apart convocation; no manner of work shall be done in them, except that which every man must eat, that only may be done by you. 

I.e., the only permissible labor is that which has to do with the preparation of food. A qodesh gathering: the festivals cannot be celebrated alone, because only as we gather can we depict the reconstructed Hekal built of living stones and the Body of Mashiyach with its many members.

12:17 You shall observe the feast of unleavened bread; for in this same day have I brought your divisions out of the land of Mitsrayim: therefore you shall observe this day throughout your generations by an ordinance forever. 12:18 In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, you shall eat unleavened bread, until the twenty first day of the month at evening. 12:19 Seven days shall there be no leaven found in your houses, for whoever eats that which is leavened, that soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Ysra'al, whether he be a foreigner, or one who is born in the land. 

Cut off from the congregation: exposed to any and every threat, where there are no guarantees of safety. And there is no covenant anywhere else. At the very least, when in violation of the commandments, we have holes in our spiritual armor. Psalm 73:21 says that when one’s heart is grieved, he becomes like a beast. “Grieved” is literally “sour”, the root word in Ibriy for “leavened bread”. This season is one for dealing with the selfishness in ourselves before it become full-grown into sin. (Ya'aqob 1:15)

12:20 You shall eat nothing leavened. In all your habitations you shall eat unleavened bread.’”

12:21 Then Moshah called for all the elders of Ysra'al, and said to them, “Draw out, and take lambs according to your families, and kill the Passover.  12:22 You shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the basin, and strike the lintel and the two doorposts with the blood that is in the basin; and none of you shall go out of the door of his house until the morning. 12:23 For YaHuWaH  will pass through to strike the Mitsrites; and when He sees the blood on the lintel, and on the two doorposts, YaHuWaH will pass (skip) over the door, and will not allow the destroyer to come in to your houses to strike you. 12:24 You shall observe this thing for an ordinance to you and to your sons forever. 12:25 It shall happen when you have come to the Land which YaHuWaH will give you, according as He has promised, that you shall guard this service. 12:26 It will happen, when your children ask you, ‘What do you mean by this service?’ 12:27 that you shall say, ‘It is the slaughter of YaHuWaH’s Passover, Who passed over the houses of the children of Ysra'al in Mitsrayim, when He struck the Mitsrites, and spared our houses.’” The people bowed their heads and worshiped. 12:28 The children of Ysra'al went and did so; as YaHuWaH  had commanded Moshah and Aharon, so they did.

12:29 It happened at midnight, that YaHuWaH  struck all the firstborn in the land of Mitsrayim, from the firstborn of Par'oh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive who was in the dungeon; and all the firstborn of every beast.  12:30 Par'oh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Mitsrites; and there was a great cry in Mitsrayim, for there was not a house where there was not one dead. 12:31 He called for Moshah and Aharon by night, and said, “Rise up, get out from among my people, both you and the children of Ysra'al; and go, serve YaHuWaH, as you have said! 12:32 Take both your flocks and your herds, as you have said, and be gone; and bless me also!”

12:33 The Mitsrites were urgent with the people, to send them out of the land in haste, for they said, “We are all dead men.” 12:34 The people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading troughs being bound up in their clothes on their shoulders. 

Given enough advance planning time, we usually “leaven” YaHuWaH’s directives. Thus, unleavened bread is one aspect of the hurriedness (v. 11). Modern bakers say bread begins to be naturally leavened by the yeast in the air after only 18 minutes, so it must be baked quickly as well. Leaven is a picture of sin--especially pride, which makes us appear to be more than we really are.

12:35 The children of Ysra'al did according to the word of Moshah; and they asked of the Mitsrites jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and clothing. 12:36 YaHuWaH gave the people favor in the sight of the Mitsrites, so that they let them have what they asked. They despoiled the Mitsrites.

12:37 The children of Ysra'al traveled from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot who were men, besides children. 

Ramses means "child of the sun". Today many of Ysra'al's descendants are in transition from worship on the Day of the Sun to the festival of Sukkoth, which symbolizes the Messianic Kingdom, the choice toward which we have set our face instead of the paganism from which we came out. Sukkoth was out of their way, but they went there to retrieve the bones of Yoseyf. (13:19-20) Sukkoth means “temporary shelters”, and indeed it was only a place to store Yoseyf’s body until it could be taken back to his homeland. Sukkoth was also the name of the last place Ya'aqob had camped before reentering the Land. (Gen. 33) So it is fitting that the last resting place of his son(s) had this name as well.

12:38 A mixed multitude went up also with them, with flocks, herds, and even very much livestock. 

"Mixed multitude": From words meaning "a great many interwoven together like the woof of a garment"; Aram., "many aliens". Mitsrayim was the most cosmopolitan place in the world in that day. The Ysra'elites had been enslaved, yet they remained a distinct people. Many of the Mitsrayimians and other peoples they had enslaved also joined the Ysra'elites in the Exodus, since many of them had recognized YaHuWaH's hand in the "great acts of judgment". YaHuWaH accepts the sacrifice of a lamb in exchange for a firstborn donkey, whose neck would otherwise need to be broken. (34:20) But He never accepts the breaking of a dog’s neck in the same way. (Yashayahuw 66:3) Thus a dog symbolizes the unredeemable Par'oh. These other Mitsrayimians, obedient to the command to sacrifice the lamb, could be redeemed, though they must become part of Ysra'el to be able to leave. But many Ysra'alites later proved to still have Mitsrayim mixed with Ysra'el in their hearts.

12:39 They baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Mitsrayim; for it wasn’t leavened, because they were thrust out of Mitsrayim, and couldn’t wait, neither had they prepared for themselves any food. 

12:40 Now the sojourning of the children of Ysra'al who had settled in Mitsrayim, was four-hundred thirty years. 

Because of how few generations there are between Ya'aqob and Moshah, it seems necessary for this time frame to include not just the time of slavery, but to have begun either when Yoseyf brought his family into Mitsrayim. It may even include their sojournings" before they came to Mitsrayim, which began at birth for all of them, since the family did not settle down in Kanaan until after all of his sons were born, and even then they still lived as "aliens and strangers" in the Land, though it had been deeded to them. The segmentation into 30 and 400 may represent a distinction between the years before they came to Mitsrayim and the years they spent there, since YaHuWaH had only told Abraham his descendants would be in a foreign land for 400 years. Linguistically, it is not certain whether this would include the years Ya'aqob spent in Paddan-Aram after some of his children had been born. But many estimate that the duration of the stay in Mitsrayim itself was 210 years to the day (v. 41) from Gen. 14:15, since "sojournings" refers not to the locale, but to the way of life. (Hirsch)

12:41 It happened at the end of four hundred thirty years, even the same day it happened, that all the divisions of YaHuWaH went out from the land of Mitsrayim. 12:42 It is a night to be much observed to YaHuWaH for bringing them out from the land of Mitsrayim. This is that night of YaHuWaH, to be much observed of all the children of Ysra'al throughout their generations.

12:43  YaHuWaH said to Moshah and Aharon, “This is the ordinance of the Passover. No foreigner shall eat of it, 12:44 but every man’s servant who is bought for money, when you have circumcised him, then shall he eat of it. 12:45 A foreigner and a hired servant shall not eat of it. 12:46 In one house shall it be eaten; you shall not carry forth anything of the flesh abroad out of the house; neither shall you break a bone of it. 

Meat: literally, flesh. Though the legs of the two men crucified beside YaHuWSHuWaH were broken to speed their death before the Passover Shabbaton, YaHuWSHuWaH had already died, so he fulfilled this requirement of having no bones broken as well. (Yahuwchanan 19:36) One house: The "meat" or deeper teaching for the mature (Heb. 5:14) is not to be taken outside the spiritual Temple made of living stones, lest "the pearls be cast before swine".

12:47 All the congregation of Ysra'al shall guard it. 12:48 When a stranger shall live as a foreigner with you, and will guard the Passover to YaHuWaH, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and guard it; and he shall be as one who is born in the Land: but no uncircumcised person shall eat of it. 12:49 One Torah shall be to him who is born at home, and to the stranger who lives as a foreigner among you.” 

Instruction: Heb., torah--directive, teaching, but also the specific name for the five books of Moshah. This would also apply to any in our day who are not literal descendants of Ysra'al but have committed themselves to the community of Ysra'al; there are no second-class citizens once one joins the household.

12:50 All the children of Ysra'al did so. as YaHuWaH commanded Moshah and Aharon, so they did. 12:51 It happened the same day, that YaHuWaH  brought the children of Ysra'al out of the land of Mitsrayim by their divisions.

13:1 YaHuWaH  spoke to Moshah, saying, 13:2 “Set apart to Me all of the firstborn, whatever opens the womb among the children of Ysra'al, both of man and of animal. It is Mine.”

13:3 Moshah said to the people, “Remember this day [Passover], in which you came out from Mitsrayim, out of the house of bondage; for by strength of Hand YaHuWaH  brought you out from this place. No leavened bread shall be eaten. 13:4 This day you go forth in the month Abib. 13:5 It shall be, when YaHuWaH  shall bring you into the land of the  Kena'anite, and the Chittite,, and the Emorite,, and the Chiwite, and the Yebusite, which he swore to your fathers to give you, a land flowing with milk and honey, that you shall guard this service in this month. 13:6 Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, and in the seventh day shall be a feast to YaHuWaH.  13:7 Unleavened bread shall be eaten throughout the seven days; and no leavened bread shall be seen with you, neither shall there be leaven seen with you, in all your borders. 

The command to eat unleavened bread seems to take precedence even over the command not to eat leavened bread. Leavening is symbolic in this season of sin, especially pride, which puffs us up as we try to make ourselves appear to be more than we really are.

 13:8 You shall tell your son in that day, saying, ‘It is because of that which YaHuWaH  did for me when I came forth out of Mitsrayim.’ 13:9 It shall be for a sign to you on your hand, and for a memorial between your eyes (forehead), that the Torah of YaHuWaH may be in your mouth; for with a strong Hand YaHuWaH  has brought you out of Mitsrayim. 13:10 You shall therefore guard this ordinance in its season from year to year.

Year to year: literally "from days to days"; Aramaic, "from season to season". YaHuWSHuWaH, whom we are instructed to follow, kept the feast at the right time.

13:11 “It shall be, when YaHuWaH  shall bring you into the land of the  Kena'anite, as He swore to you and to your fathers, and shall give it you, 13:12 that you shall Set apart to YaHuWaH  all that opens the womb, and every firstborn which you have that comes from an animal. The males shall be YaHuWaH’s. 13:13 Every firstborn of a donkey you shall redeem with a lamb; and if you will not redeem it, then you shall break its neck; and you shall redeem all the firstborn of man among your sons. 

YaHuWSHuWaH’s mother obeyed this command. (Luk. 2:23). Donkey: not an animal for food like those in v. 12, but for transport of possessions, representing peaceful prosperity, in contrast to the horse. Thus man, his food, and his possessions are made set-apart to YaHuWaH.  Redeem: or ransom. The donkey is an unclean animal, and, like human beings, must be redeemed in order to be acceptable to Him. The Ibriy word for donkey comes from the word for “heap”, representing the mass of humanity, i.e., the whole world. (In Gen. 22, Abraham left the donkey behind when he ascended Mt. Moryah, because he was going to a Set-apart place.) Snap off its neck: You may not have the use of it, if you will not redeem it, because it belongs to YaHuWaH. YashaYahuw 66:3 says that for those who choose their own paths,“whoever slaughters a flock animal [as one who] breaks a dog’s neck.” This shows that not every unclean animal can be redeemed with a lamb (i.e., not every person on earth is meant to be redeemed by YaHuWSHuWaH). Some are counted as wholly wicked (like Par'oh), beyond the possibility of redemption. (See note on 11:7 and Shaul’s argument in Rom. 9:15-18.) Once the Kingdom arrives physically, those in the yet-undetermined category must choose to be part of Ysra'al, or be left outside (Mat. 8:12; 22:13; 25:30), where the dogs belong. (Rev. 22:15) Ysra'al is counted righteous, but when its sons left the covenant, they, too, needed to be redeemed. YaHuWaH calls Ysra'al His firstborn, so He in this sense had an “obligation” to redeem them. And the donkey represents those who are in the category of “sinners”—those in neither the Book of the Righteous nor the Book of the Wicked yet. They can be redeemed, but if not, they will go the way of the wicked, though they may not have had the same evil intentions, for they are still not up to YaHuWaH’s standard.

13:14 It shall be, when your son asks you in time to come, saying, ‘What is this?’ that you shall tell him, ‘By strength of Hand YaHuWaH  brought us out from Mitsrayim, from the house of bondage; 13:15 and it happened, when Par'oh would hardly let us go, that YaHuWaH  killed all the firstborn in the land of Mitsrayim, both the firstborn of man, and the firstborn of animal. Therefore I slaughter to YaHuWaH all that opens the womb, being males; but all the firstborn of my sons I redeem.’ 

This is why: YaHuWaH called Ysra'al His firstborn. (4:22-23) Because He was giving one firstborn in exchange for another (YashaYahuw 43:4), we are called to do the same. Also, it was because of the firstborn of the only woman Ya'aqob truly considered his wife that Ysra'al had come to be in Mitsrayim.

13:16 It shall be for a sign on your hand, and for symbols between your eyes: for by strength of Hand YaHuWaH  brought us forth out of Mitsrayim.”

13:17 It happened, when Par'oh had sent [shalach] the people away, that Aluahiym didn’t lead them by the way of the land of the Philistines, although that was near; for Aluahiym said, “Lest perhaps the people change their minds when they see war, and they return to Mitsrayim;” 13:18 but Aluahiym led the people around by the way of the wilderness by the Sea of Suf; and the children of Ysra'al went up armed out of the land of Mitsrayim arrayed for battle by fives. 

By fives: or harnessed, i.e., in orderly ranks. LXX: "in the fifth generation", i.e., from Ya'aqob. Aramaic, "armed for war". The five may, of course, symbolize the Torah, but also the five gifts in Ephesians 4 that bring YaHuWaH's congregation to maturity and fruitfulness; when each is in place, nothing is lacking.

13:19 Moshah took the bones of Yahuwseph with him, for he had made the children of Ysra'al swear, saying, “Aluahiym will surely attend to you, and you shall carry up my bones away from here with you.” 

Attend to: Aram., "remember". His oath is recorded in Bereshiyth 50:25. Having his bones at the front of the procession would remind them of this promise and give them confidence. The word for "bones" can include the whole body with its limbs, or "members". While Moshah literally brought Yoseyf's bones at this time, the prophetic level of interpretation tells us that it is the Torah (for which "Moshah" is often shorthand in the Renewed Covenant) that will bring the reunified "body" of Yoseyf's descendants back to the land of Ysra'al one day, as YaHuWaH promised. (Compare Y'chezqel/Ezek. 37)

13:20 They took their journey from Succoth, and encamped in Etham, in the edge of the wilderness. 

The reason they went to Sukkoth (which was out of their way) is that this is where Yoseyf was buried. At the site of Sukkoth a group of twelve tombs has been discovered by archaeologists. Perhaps it was the mausoleum of the twelve sons of Ya'aqob, for we only have a record of Ya'aqob himself and Yoseyf being buried in the land of Ysra'al. One entire sarcophagus is missing--not just the bones! If it had been merely raided by grave robbers, they would not have gone to the trouble of taking something so heavy. Perhaps they took the whole stone container, since touching his bones directly would ritually defile them (something touching stone can never do), and they would be disqualified from participating in the feast they were about to celebrate. The feast of Sukkoth is a picture of Mashiyach's Kingdom, and the name "Etham" means "with them" or "their plowshare". During the Kingdom, Mashiyach will dwell "with us" and we will "beat our swords into plowshares".

13:21 YaHuWaH went before them by day in a pillar of cloud, to lead them on their way, and by night in a pillar of fire, to give them light, that they might go by day and by night:  13:22 the pillar of cloud by day, and the pillar of fire by night, didn’t depart from before the people.

14:1YaHuWaH  spoke to Moshah, saying, 14:2 “Speak to the children of Ysra'al, that they turn back and encamp before Pi-haHiroth, between Migdol and the sea, before Baal-Tz'fon. You shall encamp opposite it by the sea. 14:3 Par'oh will say of the children of Ysra'al, ‘They are entangled in the land. The wilderness has shut them in.’ 14:4 I will harden Par'oh’s heart, and he will follow after them; and I will get esteem over Par'oh, and over all his armies; and the Mitsrites shall know that I AM YaHuWaH.” They did so.

14:5 It was told the king of Mitsrayim that the people had fled; and the heart of Par'oh and of his servants was changed towards the people, and they said, “What is this we have done, that we have let Ysra'al go from serving us?”

 YaHuWSHuWaH has bought our citizenship (Phil. 3:20), holding the record in heaven until He brings it back to claim us as His citizens, as YaHuWaH did here. He owns us, and the following chapter (Phil. 4) lists ways in which we should begin living according to the laws of the new Kingdom even now while we are still physically in exile: using our freedom to serve one another, and thinking of noble, praiseworthy things—not fear of what the Mitsrayimian system can still do to us.

14:6 He made ready his chariot, and took his army with him; 14:7 and he took six hundred chosen chariots, and all the chariots of Mitsrayim, and captains over all of them.  14:8YaHuWaH  strengthened the courage s of Par'oh king of Mitsrayim, and he pursued after the children of Ysra'al; for the children of Ysra'al went out with a high hand. 

With a high hand: a legal status of full independence which Pharaoh had granted them at their departure.  Aramaic, "defiantly". This boldness, however, was still based on Pharaoh’s permission, so they were still tied to him in their minds; when he reappeared, their boldness turned to fear again, because they felt he still had some authority over them. They were really afraid of this former master who was now out to destroy them. Josephus says the 50,000 horsemen and 200,000 footmen were sure they could easily overcome them, since the Ysra'alites had no armor and would be weary from their night-and-day journeying. Having no weapons, what could they do but surrender or be annihilated? But the result was much like that of Goliath's overconfidence in relation to David. Such insurmountable straits are the very times to be confident in YaHuWaH, because it gives Him the opportunity to demonstrate both His power and provision at the same time. The many references here to horses and chariots are to drive home the point of how unreliable they are; all through Scripture YaHuWaH tells us not to trust in them, but in His provision.

14:9 The Mitsrites pursued after them: all the horses and chariots of Par'oh, his horsemen, and his army; and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pi-haHiroth, before Baal-Tz'fon.

14:10 When Par'oh drew near, the children of Ysra'al lifted up their eyes, and behold, the Mitsrites were marching after them; and they were very afraid. The children of Ysra'al cried out to YaHuWaH. 

Josephus says that not only was there a ridge of mountains terminating at the sea on each side, impassable for roughness, but the Mitsrayites also closed off any potential way of escape and thus hemmed them in completely, but, being exhausted from their chase, chose to put off the fighting until the next morning. They let their eyes deceive them instead of trusting in YaHuWaH’s power. 

14:11 They said to Moshah, “Because there were no graves in Mitsrayim, have you taken us away to die in the wilderness? Why have you treated us this way, to bring us forth out of Mitsrayim? 

One could almost say that there was little else in Mitsrayim but graves. One's whole life, at least for the wealthy, was spent on preparing one's tomb! They said: not necessarily all of them, but "a little leaven leavens the whole lump", for the whole community is one unit. Their ungrateful, demanding attitude is seen in that YaHuWaH had just delivered them—a greater favor than anyone could reasonably ask for—yet they wanted the journey to freedom to be easy as well.

14:12 Isn’t this the word that we spoke to you in Mitsrayim, saying, ‘Leave us alone, that we may serve the Mitsrites?’ For it were better for us to serve the Mitsrites, than that we should die in the wilderness.”

14:13 Moshah said to the people, “Don’t be afraid. Stand still, and see the  Aleph-Taw Yashuat (deliverance) of YaHuWaH Aleph-Taw, which He will work for you today: for the Mitsrites whom you have seen today, you shall never see them again. 14:14 YaHuWaH will fight for you, and you shall be still.”

14:15 YaHuWaH said to Moshah, “Why are you crying to Me? Speak to the children of Ysra'al, that they go forward.

Why are you crying to Me? Aramaic, "I have accepted your prayer." But why “stand still” (place yourselves expectantly in YaHuWaH's care) was assumedly all they could do, this was Moshah’s mistake. He interjected his own understanding into the midst of an otherwise-triumphant prophecy. If YaHuWaH had told them to go, should they now stop? By “encamp” (v. 2), He did not mean settle down and build houses! It was only for one night. They had to be ready to break camp when He said to. But they had put down stakes, thinking that the dangers of that particular impasse had to be a permanent problem for them. What keeps us from breaking camp and being ready to move when YaHuWaH’s cloud moves? Loyalties and possessions that are our own instead of

14:16 Lift up your rod, and stretch out your hand over the sea, and divide it: and the children of Ysra'al shall go into the midst of the sea on dry ground.  

The dividing of the sea (often an idiom for the ever-churning Gentile nations) may be a prophecy as well when, in the end times, the harlot Babylon turns on the Beast (Rev. 17:1-16), whereby Ysra'al can conquer both. 

14:17 I, behold, I will strengthen the courage of the Mitsrites, and they shall go in after them: and I Myself will get esteem over Par'oh, and over all his armies, over his chariots, and over his horsemen. 14:18 The Mitsrites shall know that I AM YaHuWaH, when I have gotten Myself esteem over Par'oh, over his chariots, and over his horsemen.” 14:19 And Malak Aluahiym, who went before the camp of Ysra'al, moved and went behind them; and the pillar of cloud moved from before them, and stood behind them. 14:20 It came between the camp of Mitsrayim and the camp of Ysra'al; and there was the cloud and the darkness, yet gave it light by night: and the one didn’t come near the other all the night.

14:21 Moshah stretched out his hand over the sea, and YaHuWaH caused the sea to go back by a strong east wind all the night, and made the sea dry land, and the waters were divided. 14:22 The children of Ysra'al went into the midst of the sea on the dry ground, and the waters were a wall to them on their right hand, and on their left.

 There is also just one "land-bridge" under the Red Sea which is much shallower than the rest of it, and it is not far from the mountain in Saudi Arabia now thought to be the true Mt. SInai (Jabal al-Lawz).Two pillars set up by King Shelomoh to commemorate the location of the crossing have been found at this point, one on each side of the red Sea, with inscriptions in Paleo-Ibriy referring to Moshah, YaHuWaH, and someone's death on the one in Saudi Arabia (which has not been made available for closer scrutiny).

14:23 The Mitsrites pursued, and went in after them into the midst of the sea: all of Par'oh’s horses, his chariots, and his horsemen. 14:24 It happened in the morning watch, that YaHuWaH looked out on the Mitsrite army through the pillar of fire and of cloud, and confused the Mitsrite army.

Morning watch: the fourth and final watch of the night (set up to divide guard duty), from 3:00 to 6:00 a.m., when YaHuWSHuWaH also walked out onto the sea (Matt. 14:25). His response was the same as YaHuWaH’s here: “O ye of little faith!” Though it seemed reasonable to be afraid of such a storm, they should have recognized that nothing could harm a boat that He was in.

14:25 He took off their chariot wheels, and they drove them heavily; so that the Mitsrites said, “Let’s flee from the face of Ysra'al, for YaHuWaH fights for them against the Mitsrites!”

14:26YaHuWaH said to Moshah, “Stretch out your hand over the sea, that the waters may come again on the Mitsrites, on their chariots, and on their horsemen.”  14:27 Moshah stretched out his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its strength when the morning appeared; and the Mitsrites fled against it. YaHuWaH overthrew the Mitsrites in the midst of the sea. 14:28 The waters returned, and covered the chariots and the horsemen, even all Par'oh’s army that went in after them into the sea. There remained not so much as one of them.  14:29 But the children of Ysra'al walked on dry land in the midst of the sea, and the waters were a wall to them on their right hand, and on their left. 14:30 Thus YaHuWaH saved Ysra'al in that day out of the hand of the Mitsrites; and Ysra'al saw the Mitsrites dead on the seashore. 14:31 Ysra'al saw the great work which YaHuWaH did to the Mitsrites, and the people feared YaHuWaH; and they firmly trusted with certainty in YaHuWaH, and in His servant Moshah. (the righteous ones by their certainty of Me shall live.)

Aramaic, "trusted in the Memra [Living Word] of YaHuWaH and in the prophecy of Moshah..." This trust was short-lived, only lasting until He proved Himself again (15:24ff), or until they had another excuse to disbelieve (24:14ff; Yahuwchanan 6:66). We need to be on our guard, because there will often be situations that do not appear conducive to obedience. But note that it is just as important to trust Moshah as to trust YaHuWaH. We cannot say, “I believe what YaHuWaH says, but that Old Testament has been done away with”, because that IS “what He says”!

15:1 Then Moshah and the children of Ysra'al sang this song to YaHuWaH, and said,

“I would like to sing to YaHuWaH, for He has triumphed mightily. The horse and his rider He has thrown into the sea.

Because of the tense structure of Ibriy, this verse and 14:30 could actually be read as "YaHuWaH will liberate Ysra'al" (especially since it speaks of "in that day"--a common reference to the Messianic Kingdom) and "Moshah and the sons of Ysra'al will sing..." This is borne out by the heavenly vision of Yahuwchanan the envoy in Revelation 15:13, when he saw those who had overcome in the final battles singing the "Song of Moshah" as well as the "Song of the Lamb". It is probably this same song, and verse 6 especially fits, with its clear Mashiyanic references. I would like to sing: in the sense of, "O that I could find words to offer adequate praise to express what I am feeling!"  Aram., "Offer praise and acclamation before YaHuWaH, for He is exalted above the exalted; now His esteem is that the horse..." Josephus adds that the song was in hexameter verse.

15:2 My strength and my praise-song is YaH, (first mention in the Scriptures)

He has become my-deliverance [YaSHuWaTY].

This is my Mighty One, and I will praise Him;

my father’s Aluahiym, and I will exalt Him.

15:3 YaHuWaH is a Man of battle. YaHuWaH His Name Alone IS !

(YaHuWaH 'iYSH MiLCHaMaH, YaHuWaH SHeMuW)

[YaHuWaH is a Man of battle, YaHuWaH His Name Alone "IS"!] literal Ibriy translation.  YaHuWaH  SH  M  W [The Complete Term expresses the number 7 in its body  (Y-1H-2W-3H-4  SH-5  M-6  W-7 )  .... Plumpness, Surplus, Overflowing, PERFECT]

IS - Deut. 4:39 Know therefore this day, and lay it to your heart, that YaHuWaH He IS Al in heaven above and on the earth beneath; there IS none else. ; Tehillim 83:18 that they may know that YOU ALONE, whose NAME IS YaHuWaH,  are the Most High over all the earth.;   YashaYahuw 37:16 “YaHuWaH Master of Armies, IS the Aluahiym of Ysra'al, Who IS enthroned among the cherubim, You are the Aluahiym, even You alone, of all the kingdoms of the earth. You have made heaven and earth;  YashaYahuw 46:9 Remember the former things of old: for I AM Aluahiym, and there IS none else; I AM Aluahiym, and there IS none like Me;

          (The horse and his rider He has thrown into the sea.)

15:4 He has cast Par'oh’s chariots and his army into the sea.

His chosen captains are sunk in the Sea of Suf.

15:5 The deeps cover them.

They went down into the depths like a stone.

15:6 Your Right Hand, YaHuWaH, has become majestic in Power.

Your Right Hand,YaHuWaH, dashes the enemy in pieces.

15:7 In the greatness of Your excellency, You overthrow those who rise up against You.

You send forth Your wrath. It consumes them as stubble.

15:8 With the blast of Your nostrils, the waters were piled up.

The floods stood upright as a heap.

The deeps were congealed in the heart of the sea.

15:9 The enemy said, ‘I will pursue. I will overtake. I will divide the spoil.

My desire shall be satisfied on them.

I will draw My sword, My hand shall destroy them.’

15:10 You blew with Your Wind (Breath).

The sea covered them.

They sank like lead in the mighty waters.

15:11 Who is like You, YaHuWaH, among the mighty ones?

Who is like You, Majestic in Set-apartness,

awe-inspiring in renown, O Worker of Wonders?

15:12 You stretched out your Right Hand.

The earth swallowed them.

This suggests that not only did the sea open up; the ground split as well.  But notice the parallels also with Revelation 12:15-16.

15:13 “You, in Your loving kindness, have led the people that You have redeemed.

You have guided them in Your strength to Your Set-apart habitation.

15:14 The peoples have heard.

They tremble.

Pangs have taken hold on the inhabitants of Philistia.

15:15 Then the chiefs of Edom were dismayed.

Trembling takes hold of the mighty men of Moab.

All the inhabitants of Kea'an are melted away.

[These are both parts of the land of Jordan today. Coupled with Philistia (Palestine), it is clear that this is a prophecy of the second exodus (Yirm. 16:14-15) as well. It is Jordan that will harbor Ysra'al during Yahrushalum's worst time. (YashaYahuw 16:1-5; Daniy'el 11:41)]

15:16 Terror and dread falls on them. By the greatness of Your Arm they are as still as a stone until Your people cross over, O YaHuWaH, until the people whom You have purchased cross over.

This passage is part of the New Moon liturgy. Terror: this Ibriy term is always used of a superior force or power. They were technically not Ibrim ("crossers-over") until this point. Why is “cross over” repeated here? The Aramaic targum has, "cross the Arnon and the Yarden". The Arnon (between Moab and Ammon) was a major canyon to cross as well, but YirmeYahuw 23:7, 8 says this Exodus will be so overshadowed by the coming one that it will be forgotten in comparison to the return of the descendants of Ysra'al (not only Jews, the tribe of Yahuwdah, but all the tribes who have not even known they were Ibrim) to the land from all over the world, not just from one country like Mitsrayim--and from bondage to Gentile ways as well. (YirmeYahuw 16:14)  Purchased: YaHuWSHuWaH sued haSatan by letting him kill Him unjustly. Therefore He owns the whole flock of Ysra'al. The flock has been scattered, and must be retrieved one by one, but the ultimate intent is for the flock to be regathered into one. It is the lost sheep of the House of Ysra'al that He sent his disciples after (Mat. 10:6), but the shepherds stopped looking for them, looking instead for “just anybody” to join their flocks so that they can feed themselves. (Yehezqel 34:8)

15:17 You shall bring them in, and plant them in the Mountain of Your inheritance, the Place, O YaHuWaH, which You have made for yourself to dwell in; the Hekal, Master, which Your hands have established.

Plant: "fix" or "establish". This is a prophecy of the Hekal Mount. The next time it will be more permanent, and finally there will be a Hekal not made by hands but brought down from heaven. (Rev. 21:9ff)

15:18 YaHuWaH shall reign into the Ages of ages.”

15:19 For the horses of Par'oh went in with his chariots and with his horsemen into the sea, and YaHuWaH brought back the waters of the sea on them; but the children of Ysra'al walked on dry land in the midst of the sea. 

15:20 Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aharon, took a tambourine in her hand; and all the women went out after her with tambourines and with dances. 15:21 Miriam answered them, [Let's all] “Sing to YaHuWaH, for He has triumphed gloriously. The horse and his rider He has thrown into the sea.”

She repeats Moshah’s wish to sing, but makes it plural and imperative. Answered: sang antiphonally. This reverberation of thousands of percussion instruments may be part of what caused the fear Moshah mentioned in vv. 14-15! Horse and its rider: The Mitsrayites had sold their horses to Pharaoh for bread (Gen. 47:15ff), so they are associated with him. YaHuWaH’s hand was against the horses of Mitsrayim. (Ex. 9:3) Horses are mentioned first in this list of livestock. They are also listed before the chariots and even the horsemen in 14:9, 23. Why? All throughout Scripture, horses (and chariots) are a symbol of relying on natural, physical strength rather than on YaHuWaH (e.g., Deut. 20:1; Psalm 20:7; Hos. 14:3), and very often this concept is linked with returning to Mitsrayim for help, because it was there that horses were multiplied. (Deut. 17:16) Since Mitsrayim is also a type of the paganized church, this also symbolizes relying on the strength of numbers in the religious system.

15:22 Moshah led Ysra'al onward from the Sea of Suf, and they went out into the wilderness of Shur; and they went three days in the wilderness, and found no water. 15:23 When they came to Marah, they couldn’t drink from the waters of Marah, for they were bitter. Therefore its name was called Marah. 

The word translated "bitter" here (Marim), when without vowel points as it was originally, is spelled exactly like "Miryam" (rebel). Perhaps this is why these verses are right after the mention of her. Now she is called a prophetess, and we can imagine that when Aharon was named high priest, the people accused them of nepotism. Marah also means "bitter". [Naomi said that was her new name -Ruth 1:20] There was bitterness in their hearts, and they did not act like a community. But the rebellion was against Moshah, whom they again blamed for all their problems:

15:24 The people murmured against Moshah, saying, “What shall we drink?” 15:25 Then he cried to YaHuWaH. YaHuWaH showed him a tree, and he threw it [sent it forth] into the waters, and the waters were made sweet. There He made a statute and an ordinance for them, and there He tested them;

Directed him to: or "showed him". Threw it: or sent it forth. This portion is read right around the 15th of Shebat, the date set for counting the age of trees, since their fruit cannot be eaten before they are four years old. (Lev. 19:25) A tree is a picture of a man (Shophetim 9:8, etc.), and YaHuWSHuWaH often calls himself the one who was "sent forth" from the Father. The mention of "statute and ordinance" in this context points to the fact that water is often an idiom for the Torah. One who hangs on a tree is cursed (Deut. 21:23). Shaul speaks of the handwriting that was against us--the letter, or condemning aspect of the Torah--being nailed to the "tree" on which YaHuWSHuWaH was hung. (Colossians 2:14) Thus this "tree" also made what was once necessary yet bitter into something altogether sweet. Elishua did a similar miracle. (2 Kings 4:40ff) If we apply His tree to the letter of the Torah, it will pay for our rebellion. (See note on v. 23.) Is this the tree YaHuWaH showed Moshah a vision of, just as He had shown Abraham the Lamb?

15:26 and He said, “If you will diligently listen to the Voice of YaHuWaH your Aluahiym, and will do that which is right in His eyes, and will pay attention to His Commandments, and guard all His statutes, I will put none of the diseases on you, which I have put on the Mitsrites; for I AM YaHuWaH Who heals you.”

The Voice: Aram., "Living Word". The undrinkable water was a reminder of the first plague that came upon Mitsrayim, as a warning that YaHuWaH could start a countdown against them in just the same way.  Mitsrayim is also symbolic of the church, which has become weak because of obeying only some of the commandments, not all of them. The water of the Torah seems bitter because we have been told that obeying it is rebellion against YaHuWaH, but there is nothing else to drink. The Ibriy word for tree also means “stick”, and the two houses of Ysra'al, when brought back together, are made “one stick”. (Yehezqel 37) When the truth that we are Ysra'al is added to the Torah, we realize that it is our national constitution and what sets us apart as a people. It thus becomes sweet to us again in a way it never could be when we thought it was “just for the Jews”. Note that he makes a point of saying that obedience was not the goal, but "giving ear" was just as important, because many people obey in a literal sense but learn nothing from it.

15:27 They came to Elim, where there were twelve springs of water, and seventy palm trees: and they encamped there by the waters.

Elim: means "strong ones". Twelve springs of water: 70 persons--still just one clan--went into Mitsrayim (1:5), but came back out as twelve whole tribes. There are 70 nations delineated in Bereshiyth 10, corresponding with the number of the sons of Ysra'al. (Deut. 32:8) A (date) palm tree is a symbol of the flourishing of the righteous (Ps. 92:12); water symbolizes the teaching of the Torah, and 70 palms signifies that THIS "oasis" provides enough for all of the nations. Not until Ysra'al had been removed from Mitsrayim could she be such a light to the nations. This resting place is therefore a foreshadowing of the age to come, when the leaves of the tree of life (within the city with 12 gates named after the sons of Ysra'al) provide healing to the nations. (Rev. 22)

16:1 They took their journey from Elim, and all the congregation of the children of Ysra'al came to the wilderness of Siyn, which is between Elim and Choreb; on the fifteenth day of the second month after their departing out of the land of Mitsrayim, 16:2 the whole congregation of the children of Ysra'al murmured against Moshah and against Aharon in the wilderness; 16:3 and the children of Ysra'al said to them, “We wish that we had died by the hand of YaHuWaH  in the land of Mitsrayim, when we sat by the meat pots, when we ate our fill of bread, for you have brought us out into this wilderness, to kill this whole assembly with hunger.”

This is thirty days after they left (on the 15th of the first month; Numbers 33:3).... This is the first time they are called a congregation, ... When the "mark of the beast" forbids abstainers to buy or sell (Rev. 13), this battle against the god of Mitsrayim that stays with us after our departure will be heightened to its fullest, so that YaHuWaH may finally be shown to be our All in all, our only source of everything. Perhaps they were asking Moshah why they couldn't just slaughter a few of their livestock, but he had already decided to preserve them all until he knew how much YaHuWaH was going to ask from them. (10:26)

The Manna Week:

16:4 Then said YaHuWaH to Moshah, “Here I AM! I will rain bread from the sky for you, and the people shall go out and gather a day’s portion every day, that I may test them, whether they will walk in My way, or not. 16:5 However, on the sixth day, when they shall prepare what they bring in, and it must be twice as much as they glean on the other days.”

16:6 Moshah and Aharon said to all the children of Ysra'al, “At evening, then you shall know that YaHuWaH has brought you out from the land of Mitsrayim; 16:7 and in the morning, then you shall see the Qabowd of YaHuWaH; because He hears your murmurings against YaHuWaH. Who are we, that you murmur against us?” 16:8 Moshah said, “Now YaHuWaH  shall give you meat to eat in the evening, and in the morning bread to satisfy you; because YaHuWaH hears your murmurings which you murmur against Him. And who are we? Your murmurings are not against us, but against YaHuWaH.” 

16:9 Moshah said to Aharon, “Tell all the congregation of the children of Ysra'al, ‘Come near before YaHuWaH, for He has heard your murmurings.’” 16:10 It happened, as Aharon spoke to the whole congregation of the children of Ysra'al, that they looked toward the wilderness, and behold, the Splendor of YaHuWaH appeared in the cloud.  16:11YaHuWaH  spoke to Moshah, saying, 16:12 “I have heard the murmurings of the children of Ysra'al. Speak to them, saying, ‘Between the evenings you shall eat meat, and in the morning you shall be filled with bread: and you shall know that I AM YaHuWaH  your Aluahiym.’”

["Between the evenings" is exactly the time the Passover lamb was slain, and also the exact time YaHuWSHuWaH died. (It is an idiom for late afternoon.) ... YaHuWSHuWaH Himself spoke of being the reality pictured by the bread which came down from the sky (heaven), and linked this bread with his flesh, saying that we need to "eat" it (partake of it, absorb it into ourselves) in order to have eternal life. (Yahuwchanan 6:54ff) Bread also pictures community (1 Corinthians 10:17) and since the words for "meat" and "glad news" are homonyms in Ibriy, we can mystically interpret this passage to be a prophecy about the glad news of YaHuWSHuWaH giving His flesh (the same word as “meat” in Ibriy) to be true food for the world, thus forming a body or community which will replace what the original Adam lost. But notice that Moshah spoke of there being meat to eat in the evening before YaHuWaH said it. It is as if Moshah added to His words, and since YaHuWaH respected Moshah’s obedience overall, He chose to honor Moshah’s idea, just as He did not let YirmeYahuw’s words fall to the ground.

16:13 It happened at evening that quail came up and covered the camp; and in the morning the dew lay around the camp. 16:14 When the dew that lay had gone, behold, on the surface of the wilderness was a small round thing, small as the frost on the ground. 16:15 When the children of Ysra'al saw it, they said one to another, “What is it?” For they didn’t know what it was. Moshah said to them, “It is the bread which YaHuWaH  has given you to eat;”

What is it: Ibriy, man huw? (Literally, “He is a whatness?” or “Is it a gift prepared?” Thus, hereafter it is translated “prepared portion”. But the masculine pronoun attached to it makes us think of a man who later identified Himself as this bread that came from heaven, Yahuwchanan 6:51.)

 16:16 and this is the Word that YaHuWaH has commissioned: “Gather of it everyone according to his eating; an omer a head, according to the number of your persons, you shall take it, every man for those who are in his tent.” 

The first phrase literally says, "and this is the word that YaHuWaH has commissioned," and since it is a continuation of the previous verse, it is still speaking of the "bread from heaven". This is reinforced by the word for "per head" here: it is actually "to/for a skull" [l'gulgoleth] in Ibriy, recalling the name of the place where YaHuWSHuWaH, the "bread" who is also called "the Head" (Col. 1:18), was executed [Gulgol'thah]. The Septuagint (LXX) also adds "for his family". An omer is a unit of measure--a tenth of an ephah (v. 36), the designated amount of "daily bread" that one man needs each day. It is equivalent to the amount of grain produced by one sheaf of wheat. An omer of fine flour was the sin offering for those too poor to afford the required birds. (Lev. 6:20) A priest would bring the same amount when he was being dedicated for service. (Lev. 19:36) It was the amount brought when a man suspected his wife of unfaithfulness (Numbers 5:11ff). So the specific amount of "whatness" they were to gather was a link to other spiritual concepts. The "counting of the omer" is a 49-period from the Sabbath after Passover (when a sheaf--also omer in Ibriy--of grain was waved to dedicate the firstfruits of the barley harvest to YaHuWaH) until Shabuoth (Pentecost), which was another firstfruits--of the wheat harvest (Lev. 23:15-16) "Tent" here is the same word often used of the "tent of meeting" or "Dwelling Place". So it links us to the idea of a spiritual congregation. Ten men are considered to be a complete congregation. An ephah (ten omers), then represents the same, where it appears in scripture. An omer, which was 1/100th of a homer, was worth half a sheqel (Lev. 27:16), which was each person's temple tax, whether rich or poor. So it represents one person. But when there was a shortfall in the number of Levites compared to the number of firstborn sons in Ysra'al, the price of redemption of a firstborn son was five sheqels (Num. 3:47)--the value of a whole congregation. Because there was a shortfall in Adam, YaHuWSHuWaH, the bread from heaven, the second Adam, the true firstborn (see the type in Gen.38:29), redeemed a congregation "for a head"--that is, to complete the body of which he is the Head, and to create a spiritual dwelling place for YaHuWaH the Father. (1 Kefa 2:5) The root word for omer means “to bind (as a sheaf)”, but it also means “to treat as a slave”, which we truly are to Him if we accept His deliverance. Yet He still rewards us for our service to Him.

16:17 The children of Ysra'al did so, and gathered some more, some less. 16:18 When they measured it with an omer, he who gathered much had nothing over, and he who gathered little had no lack. They gathered every man according to his eating. 

The many members of YaHuWSHuWaH's "body"--the "living stones"--are also called "one bread" (1 Cor. 10:17), gathered from all over the earth [literal word for "ground" in v. 14] and then distributed to each other wherever there is a need (1 Cor. 12:11; Ephesians 4:11--a passage clearly written with the counting of the omer in mind ... But the "last Adam" has begun to build a new body, a new "tree of life", in which the full image is again restored--fully to himself as the firstfruits (the Head, which is born first), but as the "joints and ligaments" (Ephesians 4:4-16) come together to connect the bones of this new man, overflow is again possible so that as one fills more than his "omer" share, the excess can be passed along to others. In turn, when they begin to overflow, there are conduits to other fellow members of the body, and each one fills the lack that was ordained to be in each so that each would have something to give and each would need the others. (See Shaul's reference to v. 18 in 2 Corinthians 8:1-15). Thus Adam's faulty bid for selfishness begins to be repaired. During the Counting of the Omer between Passover and Shabuoth, we especially assess what our gifts are and how what YaHuWaH has given us is meant to be redistributed to all of Ysra'al. What He gives us is not for ourselves, but for all Ysra'al, and if we are united with Ysra'al, we lose nothing and gain much more. Here in the wilderness, they were “counting the omer” every day!

16:19 Moshah said to them, “Let no one leave of it until the morning.” 16:20 Notwithstanding they all didn’t listen to Moshah, but some of them left of it until the morning, and it bred worms, and became foul: and Moshah was angry with them. 16:21 They gathered it morning by morning, everyone according to his eating. When the sun grew hot, it melted. 16:22 It happened that on the sixth day they gathered twice as much bread, two omers for each one, and all the rulers of the congregation came and told Moshah. 

16:23 He said to them, “This is that which YaHuWaH  has spoken, ‘Tomorrow is a solemn rest, a Set-apart Sabbath to YaHuWaH. Bake that which you want to bake, and boil that which you want to boil; and all that remains over lay up for yourselves to be kept until the morning.’” 

This is the first time the Sabbath is mentioned since creation. ..... we are not to cook on this set-apart day, but prepare our food in advance.

16:24 They laid it up until the morning, as Moshah asked, and it didn’t become foul, neither was there any worm in it. 16:25 Moshah said, “Eat that today, for today is a Sabbath to YaHuWaH. Today you shall not find it in the field. 16:26 Six days you shall gather it, but on the seventh day is the Sabbath. In it there shall be none.”

There will not be any: none will come into existence; i.e., nothing new will be produced, because the Sabbath is not a day of creation, but of enjoyment of what has already been done. As we approach the end of the "sixth day" of the "week" of history, we need to gather our spiritual resources before the Kingdom begins. This undoubtedly relates to the five virgins who lacked adequate oil when the wedding feast began and the doors were closed (Matt. 25). Some aspects of the Kingdom will not be available to those who disregard YaHuWaH's supply during the present age (the "field" in v. 25, since YaHuWSHuWaH says that a field is figurative for the world, Matt. 13:38). If we do not decide to obey Him in this age of testing, many privileges will not be available when the Kingdom begins (see also note on v. 29; Matt. 5:19ff).

 16:27 It happened on the seventh day, that some of the people went out to gather, and they found none. 16:28YaHuWaH said to Moshah, “How long do you refuse to guard My Commandments and My Instructions? 16:29 Behold, because YaHuWaH  has given you the Sabbath, therefore He gives you on the sixth day the bread of two days. Everyone stay in his place. Let no one go out of his place on the seventh day.” 16:30 So the people rested on the seventh day.

Given you the Sabbath: It was made for man; man was not made to serve it (Mark 2:27), though it must be used for its proper purpose. What is it for? First of all, to be a test of how set apart we are, for this reveals what we will do in more weighty circumstances. (Luke 16:10-12) When we do pass the test, it is His sign that He has set us apart. (Yehezqel 20:12) Obedience shows that we want His ring on our finger, and thus are as set apart as the Sabbath—that is, off limits to anyone else. Remain in his place: Rev. 22:11 is reminiscent of this; when the gates are shut or sealed (as in the imagery at Yom Kippur), no one can go in or out any longer. The seventh day foreshadows the coming millennium, when one's position will already have been determined.

16:31 The House of Ysra'al called its name Manna, ["prepared portion"] and it was like coriander seed, white; and its taste was like wafers with honey. 

Prepared portion: or even "stuff"; traditionally "manna"; Ibriy. "man". It is the same as the "what" in v. 15. Their question could have been, "Is it a gift prepared [for us]?" It appears to stem from the word manah, meaning "prepare", "allot", "apportion out", or "appoint". YaHuWaH had prepared just the amount they needed, and it was ready to eat, though they could still be creative in cooking it (v. 23). Coriander: or cilantro. Cakes with honey: or "wafers made with honey" or possibly fruit juice; Aramaic, "something grill-baked in honey". 

16:32 Moshah said, “This is the thing which YaHuWaH has commanded, ‘Fill up the measure from it, be kept throughout your generations, that they may see the bread with which I fed you in the wilderness, when I brought you forth from the land of Mitsrayim.’”

Fill up the measure: Ibriy "omer". (See v. 36) YaHuWSHuWaH instructed the Pharisees to fill up the measure that those who killed the prophets had left undone (Matt. 23:32). Ephesians 4 uses the "counting of   the omer" to instruct us in how to fill up the fullness of what YaHuWSHuWaH began and made possible for us. (Col. 1:24)

16:33 Moshah said to Aharon, “Take a container, and put an omer-full of manna in it, and lay it up before YaHuWaH, to be kept throughout your generations.”

Container: Hirsch, "a cooling-flask", perhaps of stone, to keep the damaging heat away from it during its long-term storage. An omer's worth: literally, "the fullness of an omer". Posterity: literally, "generations". Will some of it be needed again during the time no one is able to buy or sell if they do not have the mark of the beast? (Rev. 13) YaHuWSHuWaH said he would give some of the "hidden manna" to the one who overcomes. (Rev. 2:17)

16:34 as YaHuWaH commanded Moshah, so Aharon laid it up before the witness, to be kept. 16:35 The children of Ysra'al ate the manna forty years, until they came to an inhabited land. They ate the manna until they came to the borders of the land of Kena'an. 16:36 Now an omer is the tenth part of an efah. 

Ephah: Aramaic, "three seahs". An omer is enough for one man, and from this point on became the standard allotment. 

17:1 All the congregation of the children of Ysra'al traveled from the Desert of Siyn, by their journeys, according to YaHuWaH’s commandment, and encamped in Rephidim; but there was no water for the people to drink. 17:2 Therefore the people quarreled with Moshah, and said, “Give us water to drink.”

Moshah said to them, “Why do you quarrel with me? Why do you test YaHuWaH?”

17:3 The people were thirsty for water there; and the people murmured against Moshah, and said, “Why have you brought us up out of Mitsrayim, to kill us, our children, and our livestock with thirst?”

17:4 Moshah cried to YaHuWaH, saying, “What shall I do with these people? They are almost ready to stone me.”

17:5 YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “Walk on before the people, and take the elders of Ysra'al with you, and take the rod in your hand with which you struck the Nile, and go.  17:6 Behold, I will stand before you there on the Rock in Choreb. You shall strike the Rock, and water will come out of it, that the people may drink.” Moshah did so in the sight of the elders of Ysra'al. 

Choreb: the site of Mt. Sinai, and probably less than a day's journey from Refidim, which was only a rest-stop. Sinai was where they were meant to camp for a longer time, since it was where He had promised to meet them again. So the water source was already there awaiting them, and Moshah had to precede them since they were too impatient to put up with the uncertainty for a short period of time. The rock: Shaul calls it a “spiritual rock”. (1 Cor. 10:4) Not that it wasn’t real or physical also, but that it had a deeper meaning, being symbolic of the Mashiyach, who makes YaHuWaH’s word accessible to us. Shaul says this took place for our benefit, so we would not lust after evil as they did. Only the elders saw this miracle, so the rest of the congregation would have to accept their witness. 

17:7 He called the name of the place Massah, and Meribah, because the children of Ysra'al quarreled, and because they tested YaHuWaH, saying, “is YaHuWaH in our midst, or not?”

17:8 Then Amalek came and fought with Ysra'al in Rephidim. 17:9 Moshah said to Yahuwshua (original - יְהוֹשׁ֫וּעַ - yod heh waw shin waw ayin - #3091 also יהושע), “Choose men for us, and go out, fight with Amalek. Tomorrow I will stand on the top of the hill with Aluahiym’s rod in my hand.” 

In their state of slackness, it was crucial that he select those who were really ready to fight. This is the first time Yahuwshua's name appears in Scripture. This is a picture of the Father instructing YaHuWSHuWaH in the selection of his disciples, who in turn would continue the battle against "Amaleq".

17:10 So Yahuwshua did as Moshah had told him, and fought with Amalek; and Moshah, Aharon, and Chuwr went up to the top of the hill. 17:11 It happened, when Moshah held up his hand, that Ysra'al prevailed; and when he let down his hand, Amalek prevailed. 17:12 But Moshah’ hands were heavy; and they took a stone, and put it under him, and he sat on it. Aharon and Chuwr held up his hands, the one on the one side, and the other on the other side. His hands were steady (emunah - root for "faith", belief, support" -  first usage) until sunset.

Stone: essentially means “building block” in Ibriy, for as we(the living stones) build Mashiyach’s house (His Kingdom), we uphold Moshah (symbolic of the Torah). The Torah in turn holds up YaHuWSHuWaH (the rod), when those who “bring light” (the meaning of Aharon) and those dressed in “white linen” (the meaning of Chuwr)—those righteous in their works (Rev. 19:8)—support it.

 17:13 Yahuwshua defeated Amalek and his people with the "mouth" of the sword. 17:14YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “Write this for a memorial in a book, and rehearse it in the ears of Yahuwshua (יהושע): that I will utterly blot out the memory of Amalek from under the sky.”  17:15 Moshah built an altar, and called its name YaHuWaH our Standard. 17:16 He said, “ YaH has sworn: ‘ YaHuWaH  will have war with Amalek from generation to generation.’”

King Agag, whom Ysra'al's King Sha'ul was commanded to kill, but did not, lived long enough to father a son before Sh'muEl the prophet killed him (1 Sh'muEl 15). That son became the ancestor of Haman, who nearly succeeded in a genocide of the Jews during the Medo-Persian Empire (see the book of Esther). There are many uncanny parallels between that account and the Holocaust in Europe in the last century. Hirsch translates it "YaHuWaH's throne consists of war against Amaleq..." I.e., as long as Amaleq's name is still renowned, neither YaHuWaH's throne nor His Name is complete. Until this goal is reached, His people are in this war. All the other nations were in fear because of what YaHuWaH had done in Mitsrayim, but Amaleq thought Ysra'al had just been blessed that time, while they might be the blessed ones the next time. Generation to generation: Every generation becomes slack, but when it appears that no one cares, the enemy himself becomes slack, and that is when YaHuWaH will surprise him. The root meaning of "generation" in Ibriy is "cycle" or "revolution". YaHuWaH's festivals come in such cycles, and by returning to His calendar, we can fight Amaleq's philosophy that all is chance and happenstance--the true atheism.

18:1 Now Yithro, the priest of  Midyan, Moshah’ father-in-law, heard of all that Aluahiym had done for Moshah, and for Ysra'al his people, how that YaHuWaH had brought Ysra'al out of Mitsrayim. 

In-law: literally, one contracted through marriage. Since he and Moshah are called fellows (v. 7), Yithro appears to be the son of Moshah's father-in-law Reuel. But it is possible that Yithro and Reuel are different titles or names for the same man, because of how reverentially Moshah treated him (v. 7). The historian Josephus agreed with this view. His name means “his excellency” or “his superiority”, which suggests that he was higher in rank than Moshah. His ancestor Midyan was a descendant of Abraham’s concubine Qeturah (Gen. 25:2; 1 Chron. 1:32).

18:2 Yithro, Moshah’ father-in-law, received Tzipporah, Moshah’ wife, after he had sent her away, 18:3 and her two sons. The name of one son was Gershom, for Moshah said, “I have lived as a foreigner in a foreign land”. 18:4 The name of the other was Eliezer, for he said, “My father’s Aluahiym was my help and delivered me from Par'oh’s sword.” 18:5 Yithro, Moshah’ father-in-law, came with his sons and his wife to Moshah into the wilderness where he was encamped, at the Mountain of Aluahiym. 18:6 He said to Moshah, “I, your father-in-law Yithro, have come to you with your wife, and her two sons with her.”

18:7 Moshah went out to meet his father-in-law, and bowed and kissed him. They asked each other of their welfare, and they came into the tent. 18:8 Moshah told his father-in-law all that YaHuWaH  had done to Par'oh and to the Mitsrites for Ysra'al’s sake, all the hardships that had come on them on the way, and how YaHuWaH  delivered them. 18:9 Yithro rejoiced for all the goodness which YaHuWaH  had done to Ysra'al, in that he had delivered them out of the hand of the Mitsrites. 18:10 Yithro said, “Blessed be YaHuWaH, who has delivered you out of the hand of the Mitsrites, and out of the hand of Par'oh; who has snatched the people from under the hand of the Mitsrites. 18:11 Now I know that YaHuWaH is greater than all mighty ones because of the thing in which they dealt arrogantly against them.” 18:12 Yithro, Moshah’ father-in-law, took a burnt offering and slaughters for Aluahiym. Aharon came with all of the elders of Ysra'al, to eat bread with Moshah’ father-in-law before Aluahiym.

Burnt offering: literally, "ascending" or "rising". Thus he restored the slaughter that had not been done since Yoseyf brought his family to Mitsrayim, and Aharon (who would be the officiator over slaughters from here on out) was watching, assumedly learning his technique. This slaughter may have been done on the altar mentioned in 17:15, as no slaughter was mentioned at the time it was built.

18:13 It happened on the next day, that Moshah sat to judge the people, and the people stood around Moshah from the morning to the evening. 18:14 When Moshah’ father-in-law saw all that he did to the people, he said, “What is this thing that you do for the people? Why do you sit alone, and all the people stand around you from morning to evening?”

18:15 Moshah said to his father-in-law, “Because the people come to me to inquire of Aluahiym. 18:16 When they have a matter, they come to me, and I judge between a man and his neighbor, and I make them know the statutes of Aluahiym, and his Instructions [Torot].” 18:17 Moshah’ father-in-law said to him, “You are not doing this the right way. 18:18 You will surely wear away, both you, and this people that is with you; for the thing is too heavy for you. You are not able to perform it yourself alone. 18:19 Listen now to my voice. I will give you counsel, and may Aluahiym be with you. You represent the people before Aluahiym, and bring the causes to Aluahiym. 

Abraham had given gifts to his concubines’ children, yet we are told that he gave everything he had to Yitzhaq. (Gen. 25:2) Here we see some of Midyan’s gift—in this case, wisdom-being given back to Yitzhaq’s descendants. May Aluahiym be with you: Aramaic, "then the Memra [living Word] of YaHuWaH will support you."

18:20 You shall teach them the statutes and the laws, and shall show them the way in which they must walk, and the work that they must do. 18:21 Moreover you shall provide out of all the people able men, such as fear Aluahiym: men of truth, hating unjust gain; and place such over them, to be wardens of thousands, wardens of hundreds, wardens of fifties, and wardens of tens.

Compare Sha'ul's (Shaul's) stipulations for the elders over local congregations (1 Tim. 3:1-13; Titus 1:7). The "small claims judges" who presided over only ten men would know them much more intimately, and be able to recognize much more quickly when they were "bluffing" or whether the allegation was out of character for the accused. Under each ruler of a thousand, there would be 130 other rulers. 130 is the numerical value of the word “Sinai”, as well as the Ibriy word ya’amdu, which means “they will stand”. Dawiyd divided all of the Levites in Ysra'al into 24 divisions (1 Chron. 24), and they were to oversee the rulers of thousands. They were called “the standing men”, as each region would send a representative Levite to the Temple for two one-week periods each year to stand on a stairway in the Court of Ysra'al (Psalm 134:1), observing the proceedings and taking their turn so that they could go back home and teach the rest of Ysra'al. Ysra'al does not choose its leaders; Moshah (the Torah) is authorized to choose for us. Their first qualification is fear of YaHuWaH.

 18:22 Let them judge the people at all times. It shall be that every great matter they shall bring to you, but every small matter they shall judge themselves. So shall it be easier for you, and they shall share the load with you. 18:23 If you will do this thing, and Aluahiym commands you so, then you will be able to endure, and all of these people also will go to their place in peace.”

Aluahiym ordains it: Aramaic, "as Aluahiym commands". I.e., He was commanding Moshah through Yithro. In one piece: Ibriy., "in shalom"--soundness, wholeness, well-being, safety, and tranquility

18:24 So Moshah listened to the voice of his father-in-law, and did all that he had said. 18:25 Moshah chose able men out of all Ysra'al, and made them heads over the people, wardens of thousands, wardens of hundreds, wardens of fifties, and wardens of tens. 18:26 They judged the people at all times. They brought the hard causes to Moshah, but every small matter they judged themselves. 

He did not just give them rulings, but taught them how to discern for themselves (see v. 16). This is the pattern with which YaHuWaH gave all of His Torah. He constantly tells them to "Keep His instructions, and OBSERVE them--two different things. Yes, do them, because He said so. But then let them teach you broader principles. A Jewish sage wrote that the particular instructions in the Torah are binding, yet they are just examples of a whole frame of mind with which all of our actions must be consistent. YaHuWSHuWaH's "sermon on the mount" (Matthew 5-7) did the same. He said, "Don't imagine that I have come to abolish the [existing] Torah, but to set it on a firmer foundation", then gave examples of how the relatively easy-to-follow commandments really required a heart attitude behind them. "The letter kills", wrote Shaul, but the spirit [behind it] gives life." (Romans 7:6; 2 Corinthians 3:6) In the mystical writings, with which he was very familiar, we are told that the Torah in its literary sense is merely a garment, but underneath it lies a "body", which is the real heart of the matter. Moshah taught them not just the garment, but the "man" underneath.

18:27 Moshah let his father-in-law depart, and he went his way into his own land.

19:1 In the third month after the children of Ysra'al had gone forth out of the land of Mitsrayim, on this very day they came into the wilderness/uncultivated area of Choreb. 

This very day: the day of the new moon, since “moon” and “month” are the same in Ibriy. So it is approximately 45 days since they left Mitsrayim. By tradition the events for which they came there occurred on Shabuoth, which is the 50th day. In 45 days they had left Mitsrayim, reconnected with their heritage by removing Yoseyf’s bones, been through a “death and resurrection” in the Reed Sea, becoming Hebrews by crossing over, learned to count the omer through the manna, suffered thirst, been attacked by Amaleq, seen set in order by Yithro, and now were in the place where they could receive the word (the underlying meaning of “uncultivated area”). 

 19:2 When they had departed from Rephidim, and had come to the wilderness of Choreb, they encamped in the wilderness; and there Ysra'al encamped before the mountain. 

 The first “camped” is plural, but the second is singular, for they were acting as one.

19:3 Moshah ascended toward Aluahiym, and YaHuWaH called to him out of the mountain, saying, “This is what you shall tell the House of Ya'aqob, and tell the children of Ysra'al: 

The only previous time they were called the House of Ya'aqob was when the whole household had arrived in Mistrayim and was accounted for. (Gen. 46:27) Now they are again in the same position, after having let themselves dissipate into Mitsrites ways and slavery just as YaHuWSHuWaH’s called-out ones did after the first century until very recently.

19:4 ‘You have seen what I did to the Mitsrites, and how I bore you on eagles’ wings, and brought you to Myself. 19:5 So now, as you hear, if you will really listen to (within) My Voice, and keep My covenant, then you will become to Me a uniquely valued and guarded treasure above all of the other peoples; because all the earth is Mine;

Hear, listen, keep: to leave out any of these will keep us from receiving the fullness of the gift He wants was to give us through His instruction (Torah). Listen within: or " listen into"--hear the depths of what I am saying behind the words, the spirit that lies behind the letter. A uniquely valued treasure: literally, sealed up and hidden away. Others may see us as imprisoned in His box, “having to” do things not required of them, losing our rights, or being “under” the Law. But it implies being guarded to the degree that Fort Knox or a top-secret military installation is. When everything else gets stolen (and it will), Ysra'al will not, because it is locked away in His “harem”.

19:6 and you shall become for  Me a kingdom of priests, and a separated  nation.’ These are the words which you shall speak to the children of Ysra'al.”  [Proposal of YaHuWaH]

A separated nation: in a class of its own. As He prepares to bring her into the covenant of betrothal at Sinai, He wants her to have no doubt that He loves no one but her. He came to Mitsrayim to get her, but did not stay; there were other Aluahiym in place there. He fought them for her, but has now carried her to His own home. (At this time, Sinai was His special dwelling place.) Since YaHuWSHuWaH sent envoys to gather the lost sheep of the House of Ysra'al back into covenant through his blood, the same holds true for us (1 Kefa 2:9). Priests: to help others approach YaHuWaH. Ysra'al had its own priests (officiators), but as YaHuWaH's firstborn, the entire people was called to be a priest, or light to the nations. We officiate on His behalf, not our own—not even for the sake of Ysra'al as such, but for the sake of Tzion, which is Ysra'al as joined together with YaHuWaH.

19:7 Moshah came and called for the elders of the people, and set before them all these words which YaHuWaH commanded him. 19:8 All the people answered together, and said, “All that YaHuWaH  has spoken we will do.” [The "I do" of His bride Ysra'al]

Moshah reported the words of the people to YaHuWaH. 

Answered: the term has the sense of a melodious, antiphonal response. But the term for answered also means “paid attention to”, and the word for “together” means “in unity”. Thus they were paying attention to their being a single nation, as He had said. (v. 6) Brought the words back: Moshah himself is made responsible for the words of the people, because "to whom much is given, much is required." But if He is returning words to YaHuWaH, He must have given them the words to say. We can only give Him what He has already given us, for there is no room to boast; even the belief to trust Him is His gift. (Eph. 2:9) But the feeding it back somehow amplifies its reality even more.

19:9 YaHuWaH said to Moshah, “Behold, I come to you in a thick cloud, that the people may hear when I speak with you, and may also believe you forever.” Moshah told the words of the people to YaHuWaH. 19:10 YaHuWaH said to Moshah, “Go to the people, and set them apart today and tomorrow, and let them wash their clothes,

Clean garments are always a symbol of readiness to stand before YaHuWaH in the righteousness that He provides. (note on v. 8; compare YashaYahuw 4:4; Rev. 3:4-5, 18; 7:14) They were about to receive the "garment" [Torah] that could teach them about the "body" that lay beneath it. They had to dramatize their acceptance of the garments of righteousness by their very apparel. The garments also tie in with the impending wedding, as seen in YaHuWSHuWaH's parable about the man whose wedding garment was provided, yet He did not wear it to the feast. (Mat. 22:11-12) Possessing it means nothing unless we put it on. There was something big coming, but those who did not put on the right attitude toward it would not be able to participate. (See v. 12.)

 19:11 and be ready against the third day; for on the third day YaHuWaH will come down in the sight of all the people on Mount Choreb. 

"Third day"correlates both with YaHuWSHuWaH's resurrection on the third day after his death, and also Hoshea's prophecy that "on the third day [YaHuWaH] shall raise us up" (Hos. 6:2), speaking of the third millennium (see Psalm 90:4; 2 Peter 3:8) after he prophesied, when both the House of Ysra'al would be regathered to the Land, and the general resurrection of the dead would take place.

19:12 You shall set bounds to the people all around, saying, ‘Be careful that you don’t go up onto the mountain, or touch its border. Whoever touches the mountain shall be surely put to death. 

You: that is, Moshah, whose name is also shorthand for the Torah. (Mark 12:26; Luk. 16:29, etc.) Moshah was responsible for setting the boundaries. The Torah sets parameters for how we are to understand any other part of Scripture. (YashaYahuw 8:20) Be put to death: This is the first time He threatened Ysra'al with the same end that He had brought upon Mitsrayim. But if we continue to act like Mitsrayim instead of Ysra'al, we bring that sentence upon ourselves. Moshah was not the one to execute them; removing the evil from our midst is Ysra'al’s job. (Deut. 17:12) It is the bride who cleans the house.

19:13 No hand shall touch him, but he shall surely be stoned or shot through; whether it is animal or man, he shall not live.’ When the shofar sounds long, they shall come up to the mountain.”

 It is a trumpet sound which will also one day signal our permission to ascend and enter a place that is forbidden to us until all is ready. Then "the Master Himself will descend from heaven with a shout...and the trump of YaHuWaH" (1 Thess. 4:16; compare v. 11 above). Trumpet: Ibriy, yobel, from which we derive the word "jubilee". The root meaning is "to go home". This sound has the effect of eliciting a response from the depths of our being, and is meant to awaken one from spiritual slumber and be ready for whatever is about to happen. In. v. 16 the shofar sound is connected with YaHuWaH's voice; it is a kadosh sound. And one day it will call us home! 

19:14 Moshah went down from the mountain to the people, and set apart the people; and they washed their clothes. 19:15 He said to the people, “Be ready by the third day. Do not approach a woman.”

19:16 It happened on the third day, when it was morning, that there were thunders and lightnings, and a thick cloud on the mountain, and the sound of an exceedingly loud shofar; and all the people who were in the camp trembled.  19:17 Moshah led the people out of the camp to meet Aluahiym; and they stood at the base of the mountain.  

Aluahiym: Aram., "the Memra of Aluahiym"  At some point they actually came UNDER the mountain (Deut. 4:11). This is probably the context for YaHuWSHuWaH's comment that if one has trust he can tell "this mountain" to be removed.  .... Yahuwchanan the Immerser, who YaHuWSHuWaH said stood in AliYahuw's office, was called the "Friend of the Bridegroom" (one of the two witnesses). Moshah, here, is the friend of the Bride, who leads her to her Husband. Moshah and AliYahuw were the two who spoke to YaHuWSHuWaH on another mountain, and appear to be the two witnesses of Revelation 11.

19:18 Mount Choreb, all it, smoked, because YaHuWaH descended on it in fire; and its smoke ascended like the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mountain quaked greatly. 

The people were not the only ones shaking anymore! A smelting furnace separates what is useful from the useless, burning away the dross and purifying the metal. Mt. Sinai is probably not the traditional site in the Sinai Peninsula (a misnomer based on this error), being too far from Midyan for Mosheh to have been pasturing his in-laws' sheep there. Also, no artifacts of any sort from the Ysra'alites' 40-year sojourn have been found in Sinai. Rather, it is more likely Jabal al-Lawz, the highest mountain just east of Midyan, which is along the northeastern coast of the Red Sea in Saudi Arabia (which agrees with Galatians 4:25). This mountain still has remains of pillars around it (see v. 12) and the top is blackened as by fire, but it is not a volcanic mountain. Extensive archaeological research has not been permitted by the Saudi government

 19:19 When the sound of the shofar grew louder and louder, Moshah spoke, and Aluahiym answered him by a Voice.

Aluahiym responded as a witness through a voice: Aramaic, "from before Aluahiym he was answered by a voice". A normal voice or breath grows weaker as it progresses. This trumpet-like sound was, according to Ibriy tradition, the words of the Torah going out in all 70 languages to the 70 nations besides Ysra'al, but only Ysra'al chose to receive them. The descendants who would later be dispersed throughout the whole world stood here within their forefathers, and it was for their sake that the nations were offered the Torah as well (cf. Romans 11). In Acts 2, traditionally on the anniversary of this date, the covenant was renewed again (as Abraham's covenant was renewed here with adaptations for the size of the nation now) with words in many languages and tongues of fire. (See 20:18)

 19:20 YaHuWaH came down on Mount Choreb, to the top of the mountain. YaHuWaH called Moshah to the top of the mountain, and Moshah went up.

19:21YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “Go down, warn the people, lest they break through to YaHuWaH to look (at Him), and many of them perish. 

As soon as he ascended, YaHuWaH told him to descend again, because He does not want us to have a perpetual Sabbath. Like the priests who served in the Temple in shifts, we ascend to serve YaHuWaH, then are to descend to live out what we have learned by serving Ysra'al. In order to look: we want to get up close to see things, but this was not a tourist attraction. “Look” can also mean “perceive”, and this was the very temptation haSatan began with on Hawwah.

19:22 Let the priests also, who come near to YaHuWaH, set apart themselves, lest YaHuWaH break forth on them.”

Though there were not even overtly any priests as of yet, this is a foreshadowing of all the meticulous rituals the high priest had to go through on the Day of Atonement before entering the holiest place where the presence of YaHuWaH dwelt in a special way. The priests had a different boundary than the rest of the people, but still had a boundary. They could go where no one else in Ysra'al could, but still could not just “waltz” into the Holy of Holies, since these were not high priests. Even Aharon’s sons, Nadab and Abihu, went in presumptuously and pompously, and learned the hard way what comes of thinking we have rights that YaHuWaH has not expressly granted. We each need to know our responsibilities and our place, staying within the specific limits He has set for us.

19:23 Moshah said to YaHuWaH, “The people can’t come up to Mount Choreb, for you warned us, saying, ‘Set bounds around the mountain, and set it apart.’”

19:24YaHuWaH  said to him, “Go down and you shall bring Aharon up with you, but don’t let the priests and the people break through to come up to YaHuWaH, lest He break forth on them.”

19:25 So Moshah went down to the people, and told them.

Commandments, Judgements, Ordinances, Statutes

20:1  The Word of YaHuWaH [Memra] spoke all these words, saying, 20:2 “I AM YaHuWaH your Aluahiym, Who brought you out of the land of Mitsrayim, out of the house of bondage.

The word here for "I" is a specialized one that indicates an intimacy between the speaker and the one spoken to. But recognizing that His name is YaHuWaH and that we are to have a relationship to Him as on those terms is the foundational principle He lays down. He often places this phrase “I Am YaHuWaH your Aluahiym” next to a command, partly to say, “You must do it because of who I am, and I said so”, but also because it is only through obeying these commands that we can truly know what He is like.

20:3 “You shall have no other mighty ones before My face.

(You shall not bring another one of power in front of My face.)

20:4 “You shall not make for yourselves a carved image, nor any image of anything that is in the heavens above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth.

 20:5 You shall not bow yourself down to them, nor serve them, for I Myself am YaHuWaH your Aluahiym, -- a jealous Al, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children, on the third and on the fourth generation of those who hate Me, 20:6 and showing loving kindness to thousands of those who love Me and guard My Commandments.

20:7 “You shall not bring the Name of YaHuWaH  your Aluahiym to naught, for YaHuWaH  will not hold him guiltless who brings His Name to naught.

(You shall not take the character of YaHuWaH your Aluahiym falsely)

20:8 “Remember the Sabbath day, to guard it set apart.

20:9 You shall labor six days, and do all your work, 20:10 but the seventh day is a Sabbath to YaHuWaH your Aluahiym. 

You shall not do any work in it, you, nor your son, nor your daughter, your male servant, nor your female servant, nor your livestock, nor your stranger who is within your gates; 20:11 for in six days YaHuWaH made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day; therefore YaHuWaH blessed the Sabbath day, and made it set apart.

20:12 “Esteem your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land which YaHuWaH your Aluahiym gives you.

20:13 “You shall not murder.

20:14 “You shall not commit adultery.

20:15 “You shall not steal.

20:16 “You shall not give false witness against your neighbor.

20:17 “You shall not covet your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, nor his male servant, nor his female servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that is your neighbor’s.”

20:18 All the people perceived the thunderings, the lightnings, the sound of the shofar, and the mountain smoking. When the people saw it, they trembled, and stayed at a distance. 20:19 They said to Moshah, “Speak with us yourself, and we will listen; but don’t let Aluahiym speak with us, lest we die.”

20:20 Moshah said to the people, “Don’t be afraid, for Aluahiym has come to test you, and that His fear may be before you, that you won’t sin.” 20:21 The people stayed at a distance, and Moshah drew near to the thick darkness where Aluahiym was.

20:22 YaHuWaH said to Moshah, “This is what you shall tell the children of Ysra'al: ‘You yourselves have seen that I have talked with you from heaven.

20:23 You shall most certainly not make alongside of Me mighty ones of silver, or mighty ones of gold for yourselves.  

20:24 You shall make an altar of earth for Me, and shall slaughter on it your burnt offerings and your peace offerings, your sheep and your cattle. In every place where I record My Name I will come to you and I will bless you.

 20:25 If you make Me an altar of stone, you shall not build it of cut stones; for if you lift up your tool on it, you have polluted it.

 20:26 Neither shall you go up by steps to My altar, that your nakedness may not be exposed to it.’

21:1 “Now these are the legal procedures [mishpatim] which you shall set before them.

21:2 “If you buy a Ibriy servant, he shall serve six years and in the seventh he shall go out free without paying anything. 21:3 If he comes in by himself, he shall go out by himself. If he is married, then his wife shall go out with him. 21:4 If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the wife and her children shall be her master’s, and he shall go out by himself. 21:5 But if the servant shall plainly say, ‘I love my master, my wife, and my children. I will not go out free;’ 21:6 then his master shall bring him to Aluahiym, and shall bring him to the door or to the doorpost, and his master shall bore his ear through with an awl, and he shall serve him for ever.

21:7 “If a man sells his daughter to be a female servant, she shall not go out as the male servants do. 21:8 If she doesn’t please her master, who has married her to himself, then he shall let her be redeemed. He shall have no right to sell her to a foreign people, seeing he has dealt deceitfully with her. 21:9 If he marries her to his son, he shall deal with her after the manner of daughters. 21:10 If he takes another wife to himself, he shall not diminish her food, her clothing, and her marital rights. 21:11 If he doesn’t do these three things for her, she may go free without paying any money.

21:12 “One who strikes a man so that he dies shall surely be put to death, 21:13 but not if it is unintentional, but Aluahiym allows it to happen: then I will appoint you a place where he shall flee. 21:14 If a man schemes and comes presumptuously on his neighbor to kill him, you shall take him from My altar, that he may die.

21:15 “Anyone who attacks his father or his mother shall be surely put to death.

21:16 “Anyone who kidnaps someone and sells him, or if he is found in his hand, he shall surely be put to death.

21:17 “Anyone who curses his father or his mother shall surely be put to death.

21:18 “If men quarrel and one strikes the other with a stone, or with his fist, and he doesn’t die, but is confined to bed; 21:19 if he rises again and walks around with his staff, then he who struck him shall be cleared: only he shall pay for the loss of his time, and shall provide for his healing until he is thoroughly healed.

21:20 “If a man strikes his servant or his maid with a rod, and he dies under his hand, he shall surely be punished. 21:21 Notwithstanding, if he gets up after a day or two, he shall not be punished, for he is his property.

21:22 “If men fight and hurt a pregnant woman so that she gives birth prematurely, and yet no harm follows, he shall be surely fined as much as the woman’s husband demands and the judges allow. 21:23 But if any harm follows, then you must take life for life, 21:24 eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, 21:25 burning for burning, wound for wound, and bruise for bruise.

21:26 “If a man strikes his servant’s eye, or his maid’s eye, and destroys it, he shall let him go free for his eye’s sake. 21:27 If he strikes out his male servant’s tooth, or his female servant’s tooth, he shall let him go free for his tooth’s sake.

21:28 “If a bull gores a man or a woman to death, the bull shall surely be stoned, and its flesh shall not be eaten; but the owner of the bull shall not be held responsible. 21:29 But if the bull had a habit of goring in the past, and it has been testified to its owner, and he has not kept it in, but it has killed a man or a woman, the bull shall be stoned, and its owner shall also be put to death. 21:30 If a ransom is laid on him, then he shall give for the redemption of his life whatever is laid on him.  21:31 Whether it has gored a son or has gored a daughter, according to this judgment it shall be done to him. 21:32 If the bull gores a male servant or a female servant, thirty shekels of silver shall be given to their master, and the ox shall be stoned.

21:33 “And when a man opens a pit, or if a man digs a pit and doesn’t cover it, and a ox or a donkey falls into it, 21:34 the owner of the pit shall make it good (make restitution). He shall give silver to its owner, and the dead beast is his.

21:35 “If one man’s bull injures another’s, so that it dies, then they shall sell the live bull, and divide its price; and they shall also divide the dead animal.  21:36 Or if it is known that the bull was in the habit of goring in the past, and its owner has not kept it in, he shall surely pay bull for bull, and the dead animal shall be his own.

22:1 “If a man steals an ox or a sheep, and kills it, or sells it; he shall pay five oxen for an ox, and four sheep for a sheep. 22:2 If the thief is found breaking in, and is struck so that he dies, there shall be no guilt of bloodshed for him. 22:3 If the sun has risen on him, there shall be guilt of bloodshed for him; he shall make restitution. If he has nothing, then he shall be sold for his theft.  22:4 If the stolen property is found in his hand alive, whether it is ox, donkey, or sheep, he shall pay double.

22:5 “If a man causes a field or vineyard to be eaten, and lets his animal loose, and it grazes in another man’s field, he shall make restitution from the best of his own field, and from the best of his own vineyard.

22:6 “If fire breaks out, and catches in thorns so that the shocks of grain, or the standing grain, or the field are consumed; he who kindled the fire shall surely make restitution.

22:7 “If a man delivers to his neighbor money or stuff to guard, and it is stolen out of the man’s house; if the thief is found, he shall pay double. 22:8 If the thief isn’t found, then the master of the house shall come near to Aluahiym, to find out if he hasn’t put his hand to his neighbor’s goods. 22:9 For every matter of trespass, whether it be for ox, for donkey, for sheep, for clothing, or for any kind of lost thing, about which one says, ‘This is mine,’ the cause of both parties shall come before Aluahiym. He whom Aluahiym condemns shall pay double to his neighbor.

22:10 “If a man delivers to his neighbor a donkey, an ox, a sheep, or any animal to guard, and it dies or is injured, or driven away, no man seeing it;  22:11 the oath of YaHuWaH  shall be between them both, whether he hasn’t put his hand to his neighbor’s goods; and its owner shall accept it, and he shall not make restitution.  22:12 But if it is stolen from him, he shall make restitution to its owner. 22:13 If it is torn in pieces, let him bring it for evidence. He shall not make good that which was torn.

22:14 “If a man borrows anything of his neighbor’s, and it is injured, or dies, its owner not being with it, he shall surely make restitution. 22:15 If its owner is with it, he shall not make it good. If it is a leased thing, it came for its lease.

22:16 “If a man entices a virgin who isn’t pledged to be married, and lies with her, he shall surely pay a dowry for her to be his wife. 22:17 If her father utterly refuses to give her to him, he shall pay money according to the dowry of virgins.

22:18 “You shall not allow a sorceress to live.

22:19 “Whoever has sex with an animal shall surely be put to death.

22:20 “He who slaughters to any mighty one, except to YaHuWaH only, shall be utterly destroyed.

22:21 “You shall not wrong an alien, neither shall you oppress him, for you were aliens in the land of Mitsrayim.

22:22 “You shall not take advantage of any widow or fatherless child. 22:23 If you take advantage of them at all, and they cry at all to Me, I will surely hear their cry; 22:24 and My wrath will grow hot, and I will kill you with the sword; and your wives shall be widows, and your children fatherless.

22:25 “If you lend money to any of My people with you who is poor, you shall not be to him as a creditor; neither shall you charge him interest.  22:26 If you take your neighbor’s garment as collateral, you shall restore it to him before the sun goes down, 22:27 for that is his only covering, it is his garment for his skin. What would he sleep in? It will happen, when he cries to Me, that I will hear, for I am merciful.

22:28 “You shall not blaspheme Aluahiym, nor curse a ruler of your people.

22:29 “You shall not delay to offer from your harvest and from the outflow of your presses.

“You shall give the firstborn of your sons to Me. 22:30 You shall do likewise with your cattle and with your sheep. Seven days it shall be with its mother, then on the eighth day you shall give it to Me.

22:31 “You shall be set apart men to me, therefore you shall not eat any flesh that is torn by animals in the field. You shall cast it to the dogs.

23:1 “You shall not spread a false report. Don’t join your hand with the wicked to be a malicious witness.

23:2 “You shall not follow a multitude to do evil; neither shall you speak in a cause to turn aside after a multitude to twist justice; 23:3 neither shall you favor a poor man in his cause.

23:4 “If you meet your enemy’s ox or his donkey going astray, you shall surely bring it back to him again. 23:5 If you see the donkey of him who hates you fallen down under his burden, don’t leave him, you shall surely help him with it.

23:6 “You shall not deny justice to your poor people in their lawsuits.

23:7 “Keep far from a false charge, and don’t kill the innocent and righteous: for I will not make-right the wicked.

23:8 “You shall take no bribe, for a bribe blinds those who have sight and perverts the words of the righteous.

23:9 “You shall not oppress an alien, for you know the heart of an alien, seeing you were aliens in the land of Mitsrayim.

23:10 “For six years you shall sow your land, and shall gather in its increase, 23:11 but the seventh year you shall let it rest and lie fallow, that the poor of your people may eat; and what they leave the animal of the field shall eat. In like manner you shall deal with your vineyard and with your olive grove.

23:12 “Six days you shall do your work, and on the seventh day you shall rest, that your ox and your donkey may have rest, and the son of your handmaid, and the alien may be refreshed.

23:13 “Be careful to do all things that I have said to you; and don’t invoke the name of other mighty ones, neither let them be heard out of your mouth.

23:14 “You shall observe a feast to Me three times a year. 23:15  1. You shall observe the feast of unleavened bread. Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, as I commanded you, at the time appointed in the month Abib (for in it you came out from Mitsrayim), and no one shall appear before Me empty. 23:16  2. And the feast of harvest, the first fruits of your labors, which you sow in the field: and  3. the feast of harvest, at the end of the year, when you gather in your labors out of the field. 23:17 Three times in the year all your males shall appear before the Master YaHuWaH.

23:18 “You shall not offer the blood of My slaughter with leavened bread, neither shall the fat of My feast remain all night until the morning. 23:19 The first of the first fruits of your ground you shall bring into the House of YaHuWaH your Aluahiym.  

[19. "The very first [beginning] of the firstfruits of your tilled ground you shall bring to the House of YaHuWaH your Aluahiym. You shall not raise a kid [goat] to maturity on its mother's milk.]  This most likely is the true translation  of the text that follows:  “You shall not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk. 

23:20 “Behold, I send My Messenger before you, to guard you by the way, and to bring you into the place which I have prepared. 23:21 Pay attention to Him, and listen to His Voice. Don’t provoke Him, for He will not pardon your transgressions, for My Name is in Him. 23:22 But if you indeed listen to His Voice, and do all that I speak, then I will be an enemy to your enemies, and an adversary to your adversaries. 23:23 For My Messenger shall go before you, and bring you in to the Emorite,, the Chittite,, the P'rizzite, the  Kena'anite, the Chiwite, and the Yebusite; and I will cut them off.

23:24 You shall not bow down to their mighty ones, nor serve them, nor follow their practices, but you shall utterly overthrow them and demolish their pillars.

23:25 You shall serve YaHuWaH  your Aluahiym, and He will bless your bread and your water, and I will take sickness away from your midst. 23:26 No one will miscarry or be barren in your Land. I will fulfill the number of your days. 23:27 I will send My terror before you, and will confuse all the people to whom you come, and I will make all your enemies turn their backs to you. 23:28 I will send the hornet before you, which will drive out the Chiwite, the  Kena'anite, and the Chittite,, from before you. 23:29 I will not drive them out from before you in one year, lest the land become desolate, and the animals of the field multiply against you. 23:30 Little by little I will drive them out from before you, until you have increased and inherit the Land.  23:31 I will set your border from the Sea of Suf even to the sea of the Philistines, and from the wilderness to the River; for I will deliver the inhabitants of the land into your hand, and you shall drive them out before you. 23:32 You shall make no covenant with them, nor with their mighty ones.  23:33 They shall not dwell in your Land, lest they make you sin against Me, for if you serve their mighty ones, it will surely be a snare to you.”

24:1 He said to Moshah, “Come up to YaHuWaH, you, and Aharon, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Ysra'al; and worship from a distance. 24:2 Moshah alone shall come near to YaHuWaH, but they shall not come near, neither shall the people go up with him.”

24:3 Moshah came and told the people all the words of YaHuWaH, and all the judgements; and all the people answered with one voice, and said, “All the words which YaHuWaH has spoken will we do.” ["I Do"]

24:4 Moshah wrote all the Words of YaHuWaH, and rose up early in the morning, and built an altar under the mountain, and twelve pillars for the twelve tribes of Ysra'al.  24:5 He sent young men of the children of Ysra'al, who offered burnt offerings and slaughterd peace offerings of cattle to YaHuWaH. 24:6 Moshah took half of the blood and put it in basins, and half of the blood he sprinkled on the altar. 24:7 He took the scroll of the covenant (the scroll of the Torah) and read it in the hearing of the people, and they said, “All that YaHuWaH  has spoken will we do, and be obedient.” (" I/We Do.")

24:8 Moshah took the blood, and sprinkled it on the people, and said, “Look, this is the blood of the covenant, which YaHuWaH has made with you concerning all these words.”

24:9 Then Moshah, Aharon, Nadab, Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Ysra'al went up.

 24:10 They saw the Aluahiym of  Ysra'al. Under His feet was like a paved work of sapphire stone, like the skies for clearness. 24:11 He didn’t lay His hand on the nobles of the children of Ysra'al. They saw Aluahiym, and ate and drank. (YaHuWSHuWaH)

24:12 YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “Come up to Me on the mountain, and stay here, and I will give you the tables of stone, and a law/instructions and commandments that I have written, that you may teach them.” [thus they had not yet been taught - they were new]

24:13 Moshah rose up with Yahuwshuwa (יהושע - yod  heh waw shin ayin), his servant, and Moshah went up onto Aluahiym’s Mountain. 24:14 He said to the elders, “Wait here for us, until we come again to you. Behold, Aharon and Chuwr are with you. Whoever is involved in a dispute can go to them.”

24:15 Moshah went up on the mountain, and the cloud covered the mountain. 24:16 The Kabowd of YaHuWaH  settled on Mount Choreb, and the cloud covered it six days. The seventh day He called to Moshah out of the midst of the cloud. 24:17 The appearance of the Kabowd of YaHuWaH was like devouring fire on the top of the mountain in the eyes of the children of Ysra'al. 24:18 Moshah entered into the midst of the cloud, and ascended into the mountain; and Moshah was in the mountain forty days and forty nights.

Forty days and nights: This is how long it rained during the Noachian deluge, and how long YaHuWSHuWaH fasted in the wilderness to get ready for his temptation. Forty is the number of preparation and transition. Something was about to change!

[Chp. 25-31 are all about the pattern and building of the Set-apart place where the Slaughtering’s - which pointed to Yahuwshuwa - were to take place.  …. there were 10 components of the Dwelling Place or 10 Debarim - matters discussed.]

     1.The Dwelling Place, that is, the tent of the outer shell along   with its accessories..

    2.The Ark of the Witness, with its accessories. 3.The table of showbread with its utensils and accessories. 4.The pure lamp stand with its utensils and accessories. 5.The altar of incense, with its accessories. 6.The alter of burnt offering with its utensils and accessories. 7.The laver (washbasin) with its base and accessories. 8.The set-apart garments of ministry, with their accessories. 9.The anointing oil, and

    10. The sweet incense.

25:1 YaHuWaH spoke to Moshah, saying, 25:2 “Speak to the children of Ysra'al, that they take an offering for Me. From everyone whose heart makes him willing you shall take my offering. 25:3 This is the offering which you shall take from them: gold, silver, brass, 25:4 blue, purple, scarlet, fine linen, goats’ hair, 25:5 rams’ skins dyed red, sea cow hides, acacia wood, 25:6 oil for the light, spices for the anointing oil and for the sweet incense,  25:7 onyx stones, and stones to be set for the ephod and for the breastplate. 

25:8 Let them make Me a Dwelling Place, that I may dwell among [within] them. 25:9 According to all that I show you, the pattern of the Dwelling Place, and the pattern of all of its furniture, even so you shall make it.

25:10 “They shall make an ark of acacia wood. Its length shall be two and a half cubits, its breadth a cubit and a half, and a cubit and a half its height. 25:11 You shall overlay it with pure gold. You shall overlay it inside and outside, and you shall make a gold molding around it. 25:12 You shall cast four rings of gold for it, and put them in its four feet. Two rings shall be on the one side of it, and two rings on the other side of it. 25:13 You shall make poles of acacia wood, and overlay them with gold. 25:14 You shall put the poles into the rings on the sides of the ark to carry the ark. 25:15 The poles shall be in the rings of the ark. They shall not be taken from it. 25:16 You shall put the witness which I shall give you into the ark. 25:17 You shall make a mercy seat of pure gold. Two and a half cubits shall be its length, and a cubit and a half its breadth. 25:18 You shall make two cherubim of hammered gold. You shall make them at the two ends of the mercy seat. 25:19 Make one cherub at the one end, and one cherub at the other end. You shall make the cherubim on its two ends of one piece with the mercy seat. 25:20 The cherubim shall spread out their wings upward, covering the mercy seat with their wings, with their faces toward one another. The faces of the cherubim shall be toward the mercy seat. 25:21 You shall put the mercy seat on top of the ark, and in the ark you shall put the witness that I will give you. 25:22 There I will meet with you, and I will tell you from above the mercy seat, from between the two cherubim which are on the ark of the witness, all that I command you for the children of Ysra'al.

25:23 “You shall make a table of acacia wood. Two cubits shall be its length, and a cubit its breadth, and one and a half cubits its height. 25:24 You shall overlay it with pure gold, and make a gold molding around it. 25:25 You shall make a rim of a handbreadth around it. You shall make a golden molding on its rim around it. 25:26 You shall make four rings of gold for it, and put the rings in the four corners that are on its four feet.  25:27 the rings shall be close to the rim, for places for the poles to carry the table.  25:28 You shall make the poles of acacia wood, and overlay them with gold, that the table may be carried with them. 25:29 You shall make its dishes, its spoons, its ladles, and its bowls to pour out offerings with. You shall make them of pure gold. 25:30 You shall set Bread of the Faces on the table before Me continually.

25:31 “You shall make a menorah of pure gold. Of hammered work shall the menorah be made, even its base, its shaft, its cups, its buds, and its flowers, shall be of one piece with it. 25:32 There shall be six branches going out of its sides: three branches of the menorah out of its one side, and three branches of the menorah out of its other side; 25:33 three cups made like almond blossoms in one branch, a bud and a flower; and three cups made like almond blossoms in the other branch, a bud and a flower, so for the six branches going out of the menorah; 25:34 and in the menorah four cups made like almond blossoms, its buds and its flowers; 25:35 and a bud under two branches of one piece with it, and a bud under two branches of one piece with it, and a bud under two branches of one piece with it, for the six branches going out of the menorah. 25:36 Their buds and their branches shall be of one piece with it, all of it one beaten work of pure gold.  25:37 You shall make its lamps seven, and they shall light its lamps to give light to the space in front of it. 25:38 Its snuffers and its snuff dishes shall be of pure gold. 25:39 It shall be made of a talent of pure gold, with all these accessories. 25:40 See that you make them after their pattern, which has been shown to you on the mountain.

No one alive today knows how to hammer a single piece of pure gold into something so intricate.

26:1 “Moreover you shall make the Dwelling Place with ten curtains; of fine twined linen, and blue, and purple, and scarlet, with cherubim. The work of the skillful workman you shall make them. 26:2 The length of each curtain shall be twenty-eight cubits, and the breadth of each curtain four cubits: all the curtains shall have one measure. 26:3 Five curtains shall be coupled together one to another; and the other five curtains shall be coupled one to another. 26:4 You shall make loops of blue on the edge of the one curtain from the edge in the coupling; and likewise you shall make in the edge of the curtain that is outmost in the second coupling. 26:5 You shall make fifty loops in the one curtain, and you shall make fifty loops in the edge of the curtain that is in the second coupling. The loops shall be opposite one to another. 26:6 You shall make fifty clasps of gold, and couple the curtains one to another with the clasps: and the Dwelling Place shall be a unit.

 A principle of biblical interpretation states that the first usage of a term defines how it is to be understood throughout Scripture. The first mention of the number fifty is in reference to there being enough righteous men to spare a city from destruction (Gen. 18:24). Thus the number fifty here should be understood as symbolic of righteous men who preserve the rest. 

26:7 “You shall make curtains of goats’ hair for a covering over the Dwelling Place. You shall make them eleven curtains. 26:8 The length of each curtain shall be thirty cubits, and the breadth of each curtain four cubits: the eleven curtains shall have one measure. 26:9 You shall couple five curtains by themselves, and six curtains by themselves, and shall double over the sixth curtain in the forefront of the tent. 26:10 You shall make fifty loops on the edge of the one curtain that is outmost in the coupling, and fifty loops on the edge of the curtain which is outmost in the second coupling.  26:11 You shall make fifty clasps of brass, and put the clasps into the loops, and couple the tent together, that it may be one. 26:12 The overhanging part that remains of the curtains of the tent, the half curtain that remains, shall hang over the back of the Dwelling Place. 26:13 The cubit on the one side, and the cubit on the other side, of that which remains in the length of the curtains of the tent, shall hang over the sides of the Dwelling Place on this side and on that side, to cover it. 26:14 You shall make a covering for the tent of rams’ skins dyed red, and a covering of sea cow hides above.

26:15 “You shall make the boards for the Dwelling Place of acacia wood, standing up. 26:16 Ten cubits shall be the length of a board, and one and a half cubits the breadth of each board. 26:17 There shall be two tenons in each board, joined to one another: thus you shall make for all the boards of the Dwelling Place. 26:18 You shall make the boards for the Dwelling Place, twenty boards for the south side southward. 26:19 You shall make forty sockets of silver under the twenty boards; two sockets under one board for its two tenons, and two sockets under another board for its two tenons. 26:20 For the second side of the Dwelling Place, on the north side, twenty boards, 26:21 and their forty sockets of silver; two sockets under one board, and two sockets under another board.  26:22 For the far part of the Dwelling Place westward you shall make six boards. 26:23 You shall make two boards for the corners of the Dwelling Place in the far part. 26:24 They shall be double beneath, and in like manner they shall be entire to its top to one ring: thus shall it be for them both; they shall be for the two corners. 26:25 There shall be eight boards, and their sockets of silver, sixteen sockets; two sockets under one board, and two sockets under another board.

26:26 “You shall make bars of acacia wood: five for the boards of the one side of the Dwelling Place, 26:27 and five bars for the boards of the other side of the Dwelling Place, and five bars for the boards of the side of the Dwelling Place, for the far part westward.  26:28 The middle bar in the midst of the boards shall pass through from end to end. 26:29 You shall overlay the boards with gold, and make their rings of gold for places for the bars: and you shall overlay the bars with gold. 26:30 You shall set up the Dwelling Place according to the way that it was shown to you on the mountain.

26:31 “You shall make a veil of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen, with cherubim. The work of the skillful workman shall it be made. 26:32 You shall hang it on four pillars of acacia overlaid with gold; their hooks shall be of gold, on four sockets of silver. 26:33 You shall hang up the veil under the clasps, and shall bring the ark of the witness in there within the veil: and the veil shall separate the set apart  place from the most set apart  for you. 26:34 You shall put the mercy seat on the ark of the witness in the most set apart  place. 26:35 You shall set the table outside the veil, and the menorah over against the table on the side of the Dwelling Place toward the south: and you shall put the table on the north side.

26:36 “You shall make a screen for the door of the Tent, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen, the work of the embroiderer. 26:37 You shall make for the screen five pillars of acacia, and overlay them with gold: their hooks shall be of gold: and you shall cast five sockets of brass for them.

27:1 “You shall make the altar of acacia wood, five cubits long, and five cubits broad; the altar shall be foursquare: and its height shall be three cubits. 27:2 You shall make its horns on its four corners; its horns shall be of one piece with it; and you shall overlay it with brass. 27:3 You shall make its pots to take away its ashes, its shovels, its basins, its flesh hooks, and its fire pans: all its vessels you shall make of brass. 27:4 You shall make a grating for it of network of brass: and on the net you shall make four bronze rings in its four corners. 27:5 You shall put it under the ledge around the altar beneath, that the net may reach halfway up the altar. 27:6 You shall make poles for the altar, poles of acacia wood, and overlay them with brass. 27:7 Its poles shall be put into the rings, and the poles shall be on the two sides of the altar, when carrying it. 27:8 You shall make it with hollow planks. They shall make it as it has been shown you on the mountain.

27:9 “You shall make the court of the Dwelling Place: for the south side southward there shall be hangings for the court of fine twined linen one hundred cubits long for one side: 27:10 and its pillars shall be twenty, and their sockets twenty, of brass; the hooks of the pillars and their fillets shall be of silver. 27:11 Likewise for the north side in length there shall be hangings one hundred cubits long, and its pillars twenty, and their sockets twenty, of brass; the hooks of the pillars, and their fillets, of silver. 27:12 For the breadth of the court on the west side shall be hangings of fifty cubits; their pillars ten, and their sockets ten. 27:13 The breadth of the court on the east side eastward shall be fifty cubits.  27:14 The hangings for the one side of the gate shall be fifteen cubits; their pillars three, and their sockets three. 27:15 For the other side shall be hangings of fifteen cubits; their pillars three, and their sockets three. 27:16 For the gate of the court shall be a screen of twenty cubits, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen, the work of the embroiderer; their pillars four, and their sockets four. 27:17 All the pillars of the court around shall be filleted with silver; their hooks of silver, and their sockets of brass. 27:18 The length of the court shall be one hundred cubits, and the breadth fifty every where, and the height five cubits, of fine twined linen, and their sockets of brass. 27:19 All the instruments of the Dwelling Place in all its service, and all its pins, and all the pins of the court, shall be of brass.

27:20 “You shall command the children of Ysra'al, that they bring to you pure olive oil beaten for the light, to cause a lamp to burn continually. 27:21 In the Tent of Meeting, outside the veil which is before the witness, Aharon and his sons shall guard it in order from evening to morning before YaHuWaH: it shall be a statute forever throughout their generations on the behalf of the children of Ysra'al.

28:1 “Bring Aharon your brother, and his sons with him, near to you from among the children of Ysra'al, that he may minister to Me in the priest’s office, even Aharon, Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar, Aharon’s sons. 28:2 You shall make set apart  garments for Aharon your brother, for esteem and for beauty. 28:3 You shall speak to all who are wise-hearted, whom I have filled with the spirit of wisdom, that they make Aharon’s garments to set-apart  him, that he may minister to Me in the priest’s office. 28:4 These are the garments which they shall make: a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a coat of checker work, a turban, and a sash: and they shall make set apart  garments for Aharon your brother, and his sons, that he may minister to Me in the priest’s office. 28:5 They shall take the gold, and the blue, and the purple, and the scarlet, and the fine linen.

28:6 “They shall make the ephod of gold, of blue, and purple, scarlet, and fine twined linen, the work of the skillful workman. 28:7 It shall have two shoulder straps joined to the two ends of it, that it may be joined together. 28:8 The skillfully woven band, which is on it, that is on him, shall be like its work and of the same piece; of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen. 28:9 You shall take two onyx stones, and engrave on them the names of the children of Ysra'al: 28:10 six of their names on the one stone, and the names of the six that remain on the other stone, in the order of their birth. 28:11 With the work of an engraver in stone, like the engravings of a signet, you shall engrave the two stones, according to the names of the children of Ysra'al: you shall make them to be enclosed in settings of gold. 28:12 You shall put the two stones on the shoulder straps of the ephod, to be stones of memorial for the children of Ysra'al: and Aharon shall bear their names before YaHuWaH  on his two shoulders for a memorial. 28:13 You shall make settings of gold,  28:14 and two chains of pure gold; you shall make them like cords of braided work: and you shall put the braided chains on the settings.

28:15 “You shall make a breastplate of judgment, the work of the skillful workman; like the work of the ephod you shall make it; of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen, you shall make it. 28:16 It shall be square and folded double; a span shall be its length of it, and a span its breadth. 28:17 You shall set in it settings of stones, four rows of stones: a row of ruby, topaz, and beryl shall be the first row; 28:18 and the second row a turquoise, a sapphire, and an emerald; 28:19 and the third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst; 28:20 and the fourth row a chrysolite, an onyx, and a jasper: they shall be enclosed in gold in their settings.  28:21 The stones shall be according to the names of the children of Ysra'al, twelve, according to their names; like the engravings of a signet, everyone according to his name, they shall be for the twelve tribes. 28:22 You shall make on the breastplate chains like cords, of braided work of pure gold. 28:23 You shall make on the breastplate two rings of gold, and shall put the two rings on the two ends of the breastplate. 28:24 You shall put the two braided chains of gold in the two rings at the ends of the breastplate. 28:25 The other two ends of the two braided chains you shall put on the two settings, and put them on the shoulder straps of the ephod in its forepart. 28:26 You shall make two rings of gold, and you shall put them on the two ends of the breastplate, on its edge, which is toward the side of the ephod inward.  28:27 You shall make two rings of gold, and shall put them on the two shoulder straps of the ephod underneath, in its forepart, close by its coupling, above the skillfully woven band of the ephod. 28:28 They shall bind the breastplate by its rings to the rings of the ephod with a lace of blue, that it may be on the skillfully woven band of the ephod, and that the breastplate may not swing out from the ephod.  28:29 Aharon shall bear the names of the children of Ysra'al in the breastplate of judgment on his heart, when he goes in to the set apart  place, for a memorial before YaHuWaH  continually.  28:30 You shall put in the breastplate of judgment the Urim and the Thummim; and they shall be on Aharon’s heart, when he goes in before YaHuWaH: and Aharon shall bear the judgment of the children of Ysra'al on his heart before YaHuWaH  continually.

28:31 “You shall make the robe of the ephod all of blue. 28:32 It shall have a hole for the head in its midst: it shall have a binding of woven work around its hole, as it were the hole of a coat of mail, that it not be torn. 28:33 On its hem you shall make pomegranates of blue, and of purple, and of scarlet, around its hem; and bells of gold between and around them: 28:34 a golden bell and a pomegranate, a golden bell and a pomegranate, around the hem of the robe. 28:35 It shall be on Aharon to minister: and its sound shall be heard when he goes in to the set apart  place before YaHuWaH, and when he comes out, that he not die.

28:36 “You shall make a plate of pure gold, and engrave on it, like the engravings of a signet, ‘SET-APART TO YaHuWaH.’ 28:37 You shall put it on a lace of blue, and it shall be on the sash; on the front of the sash it shall be.  28:38 It shall be on Aharon’s forehead, and Aharon shall bear the iniquity of the set apart  things, which the children of Ysra'al shall make set apart  in all their set apart  gifts; and it shall be always on his forehead, that they may be accepted before YaHuWaH.  28:39 You shall weave the coat in checker work of fine linen, and you shall make a turban of fine linen, and you shall make a sash, the work of the embroiderer.

28:40 “You shall make coats for Aharon’s sons, and you shall make sashes for them and you shall make headbands for them, for esteem and for beauty. 28:41 You shall put them on [labash] Aharon your brother, and on his sons with him, and shall anoint them, and consecrate them, and set-apart  them, that they may minister to Me in the priest’s office. 28:42 You shall make them linen breeches to cover [labash] the flesh of their nakedness; from the waist even to the thighs they shall reach: 28:43 They shall be on Aharon, and on his sons, when they go in to the Tent of Meeting, or when they come near to the altar to minister in the set apart  place; that they don’t bear iniquity, and die: it shall be a statute forever to him and to his descendants after him.

29:1 “This is the thing that you shall do to them to make them set apart , to minister to Me in the priest’s office: take one young bull and two rams without blemish,  29:2 unleavened bread, unleavened cakes mixed with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed with oil: you shall make them of fine wheat flour. 29:3 You shall put them into one basket, and bring them in the basket, with the bull and the two rams.  29:4 You shall bring Aharon and his sons to the door of the Tent of Meeting, and shall wash them with water. 29:5 You shall take the garments, and put on Aharon the coat, the robe of the ephod, the ephod, and the breastplate, and dress him with the skillfully woven band of the ephod; 29:6 and you shall set the turban on his head, and put the set apart  crown on the turban. 29:7 Then you shall take the anointing oil, and pour it on his head, and anoint him. 29:8 You shall bring his sons, and put coats on them. 29:9 You shall dress them with belts, Aharon and his sons, and bind headbands on them: and they shall have the priesthood by a perpetual statute: and you shall consecrate Aharon and his sons.

29:10 “You shall bring the bull before the Tent of Meeting: and Aharon and his sons shall lay their hands on the head of the bull. 29:11 You shall kill the bull before YaHuWaH, at the door of the Tent of Meeting. 29:12 You shall take of the blood of the bull, and put it on the horns of the altar with your finger; and you shall pour out all the blood at the base of the altar. 29:13 You shall take all the fat that covers the innards, the cover of the liver, the two kidneys, and the fat that is on them, and burn them on the altar. 29:14 But the flesh of the bull, and its skin, and its dung, you shall burn with fire outside of the camp: it is a sin offering.

29:15 “You shall also take the one ram; and Aharon and his sons shall lay their hands on the head of the ram. 29:16 You shall kill the ram, and you shall take its blood, and sprinkle it around on the altar. 29:17 You shall cut the ram into its pieces, and wash its innards, and its legs, and put them with its pieces, and with its head. 29:18 You shall burn the whole ram on the altar: it is a burnt offering to YaHuWaH; it is a pleasant aroma, an offering made by fire to YaHuWaH.

29:19 “You shall take the other ram; and Aharon and his sons shall lay their hands on the head of the ram. 29:20 Then you shall kill the ram, and take some of its blood, and put it on the tip of the right ear of Aharon, and on the tip of the right ear of his sons, and on the thumb of their right hand, and on the big toe of their right foot, and sprinkle the blood around on the altar. 29:21 You shall take of the blood that is on the altar, and of the anointing oil, and sprinkle it on Aharon, and on his garments, and on his sons, and on the garments of his sons with him: and he shall be made set apart , and his garments, and his sons, and his sons’ garments with him. 29:22 Also you shall take some of the ram’s fat, the fat tail, the fat that covers the innards, the cover of the liver, the two kidneys, the fat that is on them, and the right thigh (for it is a ram of consecration), 29:23 and one loaf of bread, one cake of oiled bread, and one wafer out of the basket of unleavened bread that is before YaHuWaH. 29:24 You shall put all of this in Aharon’s hands, and in his sons’ hands, and shall wave them for a wave offering before YaHuWaH. 29:25 You shall take them from their hands, and burn them on the altar on the burnt offering, for a pleasant aroma before YaHuWaH: it is an offering made by fire to YaHuWaH.

29:26 “You shall take the breast of Aharon’s ram of consecration, and wave it for a wave offering before YaHuWaH: and it shall be your portion.  29:27 You shall set-apart the breast of the wave offering, and the thigh of the wave offering, which is waved, and which is heaved up, of the ram of consecration, even of that which is for Aharon, and of that which is for his sons: 29:28 and it shall be for Aharon and his sons as their portion forever from the children of Ysra'al; for it is a wave offering: and it shall be a wave offering from the children of Ysra'al of the slaughters of their peace offerings, even their wave offering to YaHuWaH.

29:29 “The set apart  garments of Aharon shall be for his sons after him, to be anointed in them, and to be consecrated in them. 29:30 Seven days shall the son who is priest in his place put them on, when he comes into the Tent of Meeting to minister in the set apart  place.

29:31 “You shall take the ram of consecration, and boil its flesh in a set apart  place. 29:32 Aharon and his sons shall eat the flesh of the ram, and the bread that is in the basket, at the door of the Tent of Meeting. 29:33 They shall eat those things with which atonement was made, to consecrate and purify them: but a stranger shall not eat of it, because they are set apart .  29:34 If anything of the flesh of the consecration, or of the bread, remains to the morning, then you shall burn the remainder with fire: it shall not be eaten, because it is set apart .

29:35 “You shall do so to Aharon, and to his sons, according to all that I have commanded you. You shall consecrate them seven days. 29:36 Every day you shall offer the bull of sin offering for atonement: and you shall cleanse the altar, when you make atonement for it; and you shall anoint it, to purify it.  29:37 Seven days you shall make atonement for the altar, and purify it: and the altar shall be most set apart ; whatever touches the altar shall be set apart .

29:38 “Now this is that which you shall offer on the altar: two lambs a year old day by day continually. 29:39 The one lamb you shall offer in the morning; and the other lamb you shall offer at evening: 29:40 and with the one lamb a tenth part of an efah of fine flour mixed with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the fourth part of a hin of wine for a drink offering. 29:41 The other lamb you shall offer at evening, and shall do to it according to the meal offering of the morning, and according to its drink offering, for a pleasant aroma, an offering made by fire to YaHuWaH.  29:42 It shall be a continual burnt offering throughout your generations at the door of the Tent of Meeting before YaHuWaH, where I will meet with you, to speak there to you.  29:43 There I will meet with the children of Ysra'al; and the place shall be set-apart by My esteem.  29:44 I will set-apart the Tent of Meeting and the altar: Aharon also and his sons I will set-apart, to minister to me in the priest’s office. 29:45 I will dwell among the children of Ysra'al, and will be their Aluahiym. 29:46 They shall know that I AM YaHuWaH  their Aluahiym, who brought them forth out of the land of Mitsrayim, that I might dwell among them: I AM YaHuWaH  their Aluahiym.

30:1 “You shall make an altar to burn incense on. You shall make it of acacia wood. 30:2 Its length shall be a cubit, and its breadth a cubit. It shall be square, and its height shall be two cubits. Its horns shall be of one piece with it. 30:3 You shall overlay it with pure gold, its top, its sides around it, and its horns; and you shall make a gold molding around it. 30:4 You shall make two golden rings for it under its molding; on its two ribs, on its two sides you shall make them; and they shall be for places for poles with which to bear it.  30:5 You shall make the poles of acacia wood, and overlay them with gold. 30:6 You shall put it before the veil that is by the ark of the witness, before the mercy seat that is over the witness, where I will meet with you. 30:7 Aharon shall burn incense of sweet spices on it every morning. When he tends the lamps, he shall burn it.  30:8 When Aharon lights the lamps at evening, he shall burn it, a perpetual incense before YaHuWaH  throughout your generations. 30:9 You shall offer no strange incense on it, nor burnt offering, nor meal offering; and you shall pour no drink offering on it. 30:10 Aharon shall make atonement on its horns once in the year; with the blood of the sin offering of atonement once in the year he shall make atonement for it throughout your generations. It is most set apart  to YaHuWaH.”

30:11YaHuWaH  spoke to Moshah, saying, 30:12 “When you take a census of the children of Ysra'al, according to those who are numbered among them, then each man shall give a ransom for his soul to YaHuWaH, when you number them; that there be no plague among them when you number them. 30:13 They shall give this, everyone who passes over to those who are numbered, half a shekel after the shekel of the Tent of Meeting; (the shekel is twenty gerahs;) half a shekel for an offering to YaHuWaH. 30:14 Everyone who passes over to those who are numbered, from twenty years old and upward, shall give the offering to YaHuWaH. 30:15 The rich shall not give more, and the poor shall not give less, than the half shekel, when they give the offering of YaHuWaH, to make atonement for yourselves. 30:16 You shall take the atonement money from the children of Ysra'al, and shall appoint it for the service of the Tent of Meeting; that it may be a memorial for the children of Ysra'al before YaHuWaH, to make atonement for yourselves.”

30:17YaHuWaH  spoke to Moshah, saying, 30:18 “You shall also make a basin of brass, and its base of brass, in which to wash. You shall put it between the Tent of Meeting and the altar, and you shall put water in it. 30:19 Aharon and his sons shall wash their hands and their feet in it. 30:20 When they go into the Tent of Meeting, they shall wash with water, that they not die; or when they come near to the altar to minister, to burn an offering made by fire to YaHuWaH. 30:21 So they shall wash their hands and their feet, that they not die: and it shall be a statute forever to them, even to him and to his descendants throughout their generations.”

30:22 Moreover YaHuWaH  spoke to Moshah, saying, 30:23 “Also take fine spices: of liquid myrrh, five hundred shekels; and of fragrant cinnamon half as much, even two hundred and fifty; and of fragrant cane, two hundred and fifty;  30:24 and of cassia five hundred, after the shekel of the set-apart place; and a hin of olive oil.  30:25 You shall make it a set apart  anointing oil, a perfume compounded after the art of the perfumer: it shall be a set apart  anointing oil. 30:26 You shall use it to anoint the Tent of Meeting, the ark of the witness, 30:27 the table and all its articles, the menorah and its accessories, the altar of incense, 30:28 the altar of burnt offering with all its utensils, and the basin with its base. 30:29 You shall set-apart  them, that they may be most set apart . Whatever touches them shall be set apart . 30:30 You shall anoint Aharon and his sons, and set-apart  them, that they may minister to me in the priest’s office. 30:31 You shall speak to the children of Ysra'al, saying, ‘This shall be a set apart  anointing oil to Me throughout your generations. 30:32 It shall not be poured on man’s flesh, neither shall you make any like it, according to its composition: it is set apart . It shall be set apart  to you. 30:33 Whoever compounds any like it, or whoever puts any of it on a stranger, he shall be cut off from his people.’”

30:34YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “Take to yourself sweet spices, gum resin, and onycha, and galbanum; sweet spices with pure frankincense: of each shall there be an equal weight; 30:35 and you shall make incense of it, a perfume after the art of the perfumer, seasoned with salt, pure and set apart : 30:36 and you shall beat some of it very small, and put some of it before the witness in the Tent of Meeting, where I will meet with you. It shall be to you most set apart . 30:37 The incense which you shall make, according to its composition you shall not make for yourselves: it shall be to you set apart  for YaHuWaH. 30:38 Whoever shall make any like that, to smell of it, he shall be cut off from his people.”

31:1YaHuWaH  spoke to Moshah, saying, 31:2 “Behold, I have called by name Bezalel the son of Uri, the son of Hur, of the tribe of Yahuwdah: 31:3 and I have filled him with the Ruwach of Aluahiym, in wisdom, and in understanding, and in knowledge, and in all manner of workmanship, 31:4 to devise skillful works, to work in gold, and in silver, and in brass, 31:5 and in cutting of stones for setting, and in carving of wood, to work in all manner of workmanship.  31:6 I, behold, I have appointed with him Oholiab, the son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan; and in the heart of all who are wise-hearted I have put wisdom, that they may make all that I have commanded you: 31:7 the Tent of Meeting, the ark of the witness, the mercy seat that is on it, all the furniture of the Tent, 31:8 the table and its vessels, the pure menorah with all its vessels, the altar of incense,  31:9 the altar of burnt offering with all its vessels, the basin and its base, 31:10 the finely worked garments—the set apart  garments for Aharon the priest—the garments of his sons to minister in the priest’s office, 31:11 the anointing oil, and the incense of sweet spices for the set apart  place: according to all that I have commanded you they shall do.”

31:12 YaHuWaH  spoke to Moshah, saying, 31:13 “Speak also to the children of Ysra'al, saying, ‘Most certainly you shall guard my Sabbaths: for it is a sign between me and you throughout your generations; that you may know that I AM YaHuWaH  who sets you apart.  31:14 You shall guard the Sabbath therefore; for it is set apart  to you. Everyone who profanes it shall surely be put to death; for whoever does any work therein, that soul shall be cut off from among his people. 31:15 Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day is a Sabbath of solemn rest, set apart  to YaHuWaH. Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day shall surely be put to death. 31:16 Therefore the children of Ysra'al shall guard the Sabbath, to observe the Sabbath throughout their generations, for a perpetual covenant. 31:17 It is a sign between Me and the children of Ysra'al forever; for in six daysYaHuWaH  made heaven and earth, and on the seventh day he rested, and was refreshed.’”

31:18 He gave to Moshah, when he finished speaking with him on Mount Choreb, the two tablets of the Witness, stone tablets, written with Aluahiym’s finger.

32:1 When the people saw that Moshah delayed to come down from the mountain, the people gathered themselves together to Aharon, and said to him, “Come, make us mighty ones, which shall go before us; for as for this Moshah, the man who brought us up out of the land of Mitsrayim, we don’t know what has become of him.”

This foreshadows the servant in Yahuwshua's parable who says, "My Master has delayed" and behaves shamefully, doing his own pleasure. (Matt. 24:48; compare Prov. 7:19ff) Go before us: to the Land. The cloud that had led them had also disappeared, and to all appearances Moshe was dead, perhaps consumed by the fire on the mountain. Aharon was the logical choice, since their military leader, Yahuwshua, was also now missing. After all, he had accompanied Moshah since the start of the confrontation with Pharaoh. But this was not Aharon’s position. He was to intercede on behalf of the people, but not particularly to interact with them; that is the prophet’s job. 

32:2 Aharon said to them, “Take off the golden rings, which are in the ears of your wives, of your sons, and of your daughters, and bring them to me.”

32:3 All the people took off the golden rings which were in their ears, and brought them to Aharon.  32:4 He received what they handed him, and fashioned it with an engraving tool, and made it a molten/casted calf; and they said, “These are your mighty ones, Ysra'al, which brought you up out of the land of Mitsrayim.”

These: plural. Yet there was only one calf. It was as if the people had looked at Moshah as their god, since he had visibly delivered them. Now they thought they needed another god to replace him, in addition to still having YaHuWaH (v. 5).

32:5 When Aharon saw this, he built an altar before it; and Aharon made a proclamation, and said, “Tomorrow shall be a feast to YaHuWaH.”

As yet they had not celebrated the feast that they had told Pharaoh was their purpose for leaving. So Aharon wants to bring closure to this promise. They thought they were making an image of the true Aluahiym, but they were wrong, and He was not amused. Aharon was applying His Name to other things. His heart was right—an excuse many use to think they can continue in their own ways. But those ways lead to death. (Prov. 14:12) He knows our heart because He tests it (YirmeYahuw 17:10), but they did not know His heart; they were doing exactly what He hates most—making a physical representation of Him—and putting Him in the same league as Hathor, the Egyptian cow-goddess. How often do we "make YaHuWaH in our image" instead of allowing Him to teach us what He is really like? How often do we substitute worship of our own style for what He has prescribed, and say it is to honor Him?

32:6 They rose up early on the next day, and offered burnt 

offerings, and brought peace offerings; and the people sat down to eat and to drink, and rose up to make merry.

Make merry: The word is actually the root for "Yitzhaq", which suggests that laughter was involved. It has the nuance of having an orgy, which is apparently how Sha'ul took it (1 Corinthians 10:7). This is the next logical step of paganism, which often includes orgies in its rites of "worship"—the very opposite of holiness. Hirsch summarizes this event: "Before the Sanctuary of the Torah was to be erected, the people and the priests were first to be made conscious of their need for atonement."

32:7 YaHuWaH  spoke to Moshah, “Go, get down; for your people, who you brought up out of the land of Mitsrayim, have corrupted themselves! 32:8 They have turned aside quickly out of the way which I commanded them. They have made themselves a molten calf [two headed], and have worshiped it, and have slaughterd to it, and said, ‘These are your mighty ones, Ysra'al, which brought you up out of the land of Mitsrayim.’”

32:9YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “I have seen these people, and behold, they are a stiff-necked people. 32:10 Now therefore leave Me alone, that My wrath may burn hot against them, and that I may consume them; and I will make of you a great nation.”

32:11 Moshah begged YaHuWaH  his Aluahiym, and said, “ YaHuWaH , why does Your wrath burn hot against Your people, that you have brought forth out of the land of Mitsrayim with great power and with a mighty hand? 32:12 Why should the Mitsrites speak, saying, ‘He brought them forth for evil, to kill them in the mountains, and to consume them from the surface of the earth?’ Turn from Your fierce wrath, and repent of this evil against Your people. 32:13 Remember Abraham, Yitschaq, and Ysra'al, Your servants, to whom You swore by Your Own Self, and said to them, ‘I will multiply your seed as the stars of the sky, and all this land that I have spoken of I will give to your seed, and they shall inherit it forever.’”

32:14 YaHuWaH  repented of the evil which He said He would do to His people.

32:15 Moshah turned, and went down from the mountain, with the two tablets of the witness in his hand; tablets that were written on both their sides; on the one side and on the other they were written.

On this side and that side: Hirsch, "from one side through to the other side", yet could be read on both sides--evidence of their supernatural origin (v. 16).

 32:16 The tablets were the work of Aluahiym, and the writing was the writing of Aluahiym, it was engraved [unbroken] clean through the tablets.

Clean through: "in free mastery over", showing that the words held the tablets in place rather than vice versa, as otherwise the central parts of closed letters would fall out. (Hirsch) According to the Midrash, the tablets were made of sapphire and inscribed in normal lettering on one side and with the negative image (that which was cut out by the letters) on the other side so "what was between the lines" could be seen, suggesting "what else" YaHuWaH wanted to say--the ruwach behind the letter. Hirsch links these two concepts by saying that the Torah frees us from the mastery of the laws of nature, so that "humans who take upon themselves the spirit of this writing and make themselves the representatives of this spirit, are raised, borne, and held...above the blind force of ‘you must', the lack of free will which clings to all matter --i.e., they become ‘free'." Compare Ya'aqob/James 1:25, which calls it the "perfect law of liberty".

32:17 When Yahushua heard the noise of the people as they shouted, he said to Moshah, “There is the noise of war in the camp.”

Yahuwshua had been unmentioned this whole time, but, unlike the rest of the community, he waited patiently on his master for forty days. He is a picture of the one who bore his name later: Yahuwshua stands with the Torah while YaHuWaH gives us the instructions on how to build the tabernacle, every piece of which is also a picture of Him. We can’t have either one without the other.

32:18 He said, “It isn’t the voice of those who shout for victory, neither is it the voice of those who cry for being overcome; but the noise of those who sing that I hear.” 32:19 It happened, as soon as he came near to the camp, that he saw the calf and the dancing: and Moshah’ anger grew hot, and he threw the tablets out of his hands, and broke them beneath the mountain. 32:20 He took the calf which they had made, and burnt it with fire, ground it to powder, and scattered it on the water, and made the children of Ysra'al drink of it. (test of an unfaithful wife)

32:21 Moshah said to Aharon, “What did these people do to you, that you have brought a great sin on them?”

32:22 Aharon said, “Don’t let the anger of my lord grow hot. You know the people, that they are set on evil. 32:23 For they said to me, ‘Make us mighty ones, which shall go before us; for as for this Moshah, the man who brought us up out of the land of Mitsrayim, we don’t know what has become of him.’  32:24 I said to them, ‘Whoever has any gold, let them take it off:’ so they gave it to me; and I threw it into the fire, and out came this calf.”

32:25 When Moshah saw that the people had broken loose, (for Aharon had let them loose for a derision among their enemies), 32:26 then Moshah stood in the gate of the camp, and said, “Whoever is onYaHuWaH’s side, come to me!”

All the sons of Lewi gathered themselves together to him. 32:27 He said to them, “Thus says YaHuWaH, the Aluahiym of Ysra'al, ‘Every man put his sword on his thigh, and go back and forth from gate to gate throughout the camp, and every man kill his brother, and every man his companion, and every man his neighbor.’” 32:28 The sons of Lewi did according to the word of Moshah: and there fell of the people that day about three thousand men. 32:29 Moshah said, “Consecrate yourselves today to YaHuWaH, yes, every man against his son, and against his brother; that he may bestow on you a blessing this day.”

32:30 It happened on the next day, that Moshah said to the people, “You have sinned a great sin. Now I will go up to YaHuWaH. Perhaps I shall make atonement for your sin.”

32:31 Moshah returned to YaHuWaH, and said, “Oh, this people have sinned a great sin, and have made themselves mighty ones of gold. 32:32 Yet now, if You will, release their sin—and if not, please blot me out of Your book which you have written.”

32:33YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “Whoever has sinned against Me, him will I blot out of My book.  32:34 Now go, lead the people to the place of which I have spoken to you. Behold, My Messenger shall go before you. Nevertheless in the day when I punish, I will punish them for their sin.” 32:35 YaHuWaH  struck the people, because they made the calf, which Aharon made.

33:1 YaHuWaH  spoke to Moshah, “Depart, go up from here, you and the people that you have brought up out of the land of Mitsrayim, to the land of which I swore to Abraham, to Yitschaq, and to Ya'aqob, saying, ‘I will give it to your seed.’ 33:2 I will send a Messenger before you; and I will drive out the  Kena'anite, the Emorite,, and the Chittite,, and the P'rizzite, the Chiwite, and the Yebusite: 33:3 to a land flowing with milk and honey: for I will not go up in the midst of you, for you are a stiff-necked people, lest I consume you in the way.”

33:4 When the people heard this evil news, they mourned: and no one put on his jewelry.

33:5 YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “Tell the children of Ysra'al, ‘You are a stiff-necked people. If I were to go up into your midst for one moment, I would consume you. Therefore now take off your jewelry from you, that I may know what to do to you.’”

33:6 The children of Ysra'al stripped themselves of their jewelry from Mount Choreb onward.

33:7 Now Moshah used to take the tent and to pitch it outside the camp, far away from the camp, and he called it “The Tent of Meeting.” It happened that everyone who sought YaHuWaH  went out to the Tent of Meeting, which was outside the camp.  33:8 It happened that when Moshah went out to the Tent, that all the people rose up, and stood, everyone at their tent door, and watched Moshah, until he had gone into the Tent. 33:9 It happened, when Moshah entered into the Tent, that the pillar of cloud descended, stood at the door of the Tent, and spoke with Moshah. 33:10 All the people saw the pillar of cloud stand at the door of the Tent, and all the people rose up and worshiped, everyone at their tent door. 33:11 YaHuWaH  spoke to Moshah face to face, as a man speaks to his friend. He turned again into the camp, but his servant Yahuwshuwa, the son of Nun, a young man, didn’t depart out of the Tent.

33:12 Moshah said to YaHuWaH, “Behold, You tell me, ‘Bring up this people:’ and You haven’t let me know whom you will send with me. Yet You have said, ‘I know you by name, and you have also found favor in my sight.’ 33:13 Now therefore, if I have found favor in Your sight, please show me now Your ways, that I may know You, so that I may find favor in Your sight: and consider that this nation is Your people.”

33:14 He said, “My Presence will go with you, and I will give you rest.”

33:15 He said to Him, “If Your Presence doesn’t go with me, don’t carry us up from here. 33:16 For how would people know that I have found favor in Your sight, I and Your people? Isn’t it in that You go with us, so that we are separated, I and Your people, from all the people who are on the surface of the earth?”

33:17 YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “I will do this thing also that you have spoken; for you have found favor in My sight, and I know you by name.”

33:18 He said, “Please show me Your Qabowd.”

33:19 He said, “I will make all My goodness pass before you, and will proclaim the Name of YaHuWaH  before you. I will be favorable to whom I will be favorable, and will show mercy on whom I will show mercy.” 33:20 He said, “You cannot see My Face, for man may not see Me and live.”  33:21 YaHuWaH  also said, “Behold, there is a place by Me, and you shall stand on the Rock. 33:22 It will happen, while My Splendor passes by, that I will put you in a cleft of the Rock, and will cover you with My Hand until I have passed by; 33:23 then I will take away My Hand, and you will see My back; but My Face shall not be seen.”

34:1YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “Chisel two stone tablets like the first: and I will write on the tablets the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke. 34:2 Be ready by the morning, and come up in the morning to Mount Choreb, and present yourself there to Me on the top of the mountain.  34:3 No one shall come up with you; neither let anyone be seen throughout all the mountain; neither let the flocks nor herds feed before that mountain.”

34:4 He chiseled two tablets of stone like the first; and Moshah rose up early in the morning, and went up to Mount Choreb, as YaHuWaH had commanded him, and took in his hand two stone tablets. 34:5  YaHuWaH  descended in the cloud, and stood with him there, and proclaimed the Name of YaHuWaH. 

 34:6 YaHuWaH  passed by before him, and proclaimed, “ YaHuWaH, YaHuWaH an Al compassionate and showing favor, slow to anger, and abundant in loving kindness and truth, 34:7 keeping loving kindness for thousands, BEARING AWAY perversity and rebellion and sin; but will by no means acquit the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children, and on the children’s children, on the third and on the fourth generation.” 

 "This releasing and bearing away our sin is nearly always mistranslated “forgive” in establishment translations, which means ACQUIT.  For us who believe on His name, He paid our punishment, bearing away the punishment Himself, further proving He is YaHuWaH." [PS for the Remnant]

[1 Kepha 2:24 Who His Own self bore our sins in His body on the execution stake, that we, having died to sins, might live to righteousness; by Whose wounds trickling with blood you were healed.]

34:8 Moshah hurried and bowed his head toward the earth, and worshiped. 34:9 He said, “If now I have found favor in Your sight, Master, please let the Master go in the midst of us; although this is a stiff-necked people; pardon our iniquity and our sin, and take us for Your inheritance.”

34:10 He said, “Behold, I make a covenant: before all your people I will do marvels, such as have not been worked in all the earth, nor in any nation; and all the people among which you are shall see the work of YaHuWaH; for it is an awesome thing that I do with you. 34:11 Observe that which I command you this day. Behold, I drive out before you the Emorite,, the  Kena'anite, the Chittite,, the P'rizzite, the Chiwite, and the Yebusite.  34:12 Be careful, lest you make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land where you are going, lest it be for a snare in the midst of you: 34:13 but you shall break down their altars, and dash in pieces their pillars, and you shall cut down their Asherim; 34:14 for you shall worship no other mighty one: for YaHuWaH, Whose name is Jealous, is a jealous Al --

34:15 “Don’t make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, lest they play the prostitute after their mighty ones, and slaughter to their mighty ones, and one call you and you eat of his slaughter; 34:16 and you take of their daughters to your sons, and their daughters play the prostitute after their mighty ones, and make your sons play the prostitute after their mighty ones.

34:17 “You shall make no cast idols for yourselves.

34:18 “You shall guard the feast of unleavened bread. Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, as I commanded you, at the time appointed in the month Abib; for in the month Abib you came out from Mitsrayim.

34:19 “All that opens the womb is mine; and all your livestock that is male, the firstborn of cow and sheep. 34:20 The firstborn of a donkey you shall redeem with a lamb: and if you will not redeem it, then you shall break its neck. All the firstborn of your sons you shall redeem. No one shall appear before me empty.

34:21 “Six days you shall work, but on the seventh day you shall rest: in plowing time and in harvest you shall rest.

34:22 “You shall observe the feast of weeks with the first fruits of wheat harvest, and the feast of harvest at the year’s end. 34:23 Three times in the year all your males shall appear before the Master YaHuWaH, the Aluahiym of Ysra'al. 34:24 For I will drive out nations before you and enlarge your borders; neither shall any man desire your land when you go up to appear before YaHuWaH, your Aluahiym, three times in the year.

34:25 “You shall not offer the blood of my slaughter with leavened bread; neither shall the slaughter of the feast of the Passover be left to the morning.

34:26 “You shall bring the first of the first fruits of your ground to the house of YaHuWaH your Aluahiym.

“You shall not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk.” (you shall not raise to maturity a young goat on its mother's milk)

34:27 YaHuWaH  said to Moshah, “Write you these words: for in accordance with these words I have made a covenant with you and with Ysra'al.”

34:28 He was there with YaHuWaH  forty days and forty nights; he neither ate bread, nor drank water. He wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

34:29 It happened, when Moshah came down from Mount Choreb with the two tablets of the witness in Moshah’ hand, when he came down from the mountain, that Moshah didn’t know that the skin of his face shone by reason of his speaking with Him.  34:30 When Aharon and all the children of Ysra'al saw Moshah, behold, the skin of his face shone; and they were afraid to come near him. 34:31 Moshah called to them, and Aharon and all the rulers of the congregation returned to him; and Moshah spoke to them. 34:32 Afterward all the children of Ysra'al came near, and he gave them all of the commandments that YaHuWaH  had spoken with him on Mount Choreb. 34:33 When Moshah was done speaking with them, he put a veil on his face. 34:34 But when Moshah went in before YaHuWaH  to speak with Him, he took the veil off, until he came out; and he came out, and spoke to the children of Ysra'al that which he was commanded. 34:35 The children of Ysra'al saw Moshah’ face, that the skin of Moshah’ face shone: and Moshah put the veil on his face again, until he went in to speak with Him.

35:1 Moshah assembled all the congregation of the children of Ysra'al, and said to them, “These are the words which YaHuWaH  has commanded, that you should do them. 35:2 ‘Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day there shall be a set apart  day for you, a Sabbath of solemn rest to YaHuWaH: whoever does any work in it shall be put to death. 35:3 You shall kindle no fire throughout your habitations on the Sabbath day.’”

35:4 Moshah spoke to all the congregation of the children of Ysra'al, saying, “This is the thing which YaHuWaH commanded, saying, 35:5 ‘Take from among you an offering to YaHuWaH. Whoever is of a willing heart, let him bring it, YaHuWaH’s offering: gold, silver, brass, 35:6 blue, purple, scarlet, fine linen, goats’ hair, 35:7 rams’ skins dyed red, sea cow hides, acacia wood, 35:8 oil for the light, spices for the anointing oil and for the sweet incense,  35:9 onyx stones, and stones to be set for the ephod and for the breastplate.

35:10 “‘Let every wise-hearted man among you come, and make all that YaHuWaH  has commanded:  35:11 the Dwelling Place, its outer covering, its roof, its clasps, its boards, its bars, its pillars, and its sockets; 35:12 the ark, and its poles, the mercy seat, the veil of the screen; 35:13 the table with its poles and all its vessels, and the show bread; 35:14 the menorah also for the light, with its vessels, its lamps, and the oil for the light; 35:15 and the altar of incense with its poles, the anointing oil, the sweet incense, the screen for the door, at the door of the Dwelling Place; 35:16 the altar of burnt offering, with its grating of brass, it poles, and all its vessels, the basin and its base; 35:17 the hangings of the court, its pillars, their sockets, and the screen for the gate of the court; 35:18 the pins of the Dwelling Place, the pins of the court, and their cords; 35:19 the finely worked garments, for ministering in the set apart  place, the set apart  garments for Aharon the priest, and the garments of his sons, to minister in the priest’s office.’”

35:20 All the congregation of the children of Ysra'al departed from the presence of Moshah. 35:21 They came, everyone whose heart stirred him up, and everyone whom his spirit made willing, and brought YaHuWaH’s offering, for the work of the Tent of Meeting, and for all of its service, and for the set apart  garments. 35:22 They came, both men and women, as many as were willing-hearted, and brought brooches, earrings, signet rings, and armlets, all jewels of gold; even every man who offered an offering of gold to YaHuWaH. 35:23 Everyone, with whom was found blue, purple, scarlet, fine linen, goats’ hair, rams’ skins dyed red, and sea cow hides, brought them. 35:24 Everyone who did offer an offering of silver and brass brought YaHuWaH’s offering; and everyone, with whom was found acacia wood for any work of the service, brought it.  35:25 All the women who were wise-hearted spun with their hands, and brought that which they had spun, the blue, the purple, the scarlet, and the fine linen. 35:26 All the women whose heart stirred them up in wisdom spun the goats’ hair. 35:27 The rulers brought the onyx stones, and the stones to be set, for the ephod and for the breastplate;  35:28 and the spice, and the oil for the light, for the anointing oil, and for the sweet incense.  35:29 The children of Ysra'al brought a freewill offering to YaHuWaH; every man and woman, whose heart made them willing to bring for all the work, which YaHuWaH  had commanded to be made by Moshah.

35:30 Moshah said to the children of Ysra'al, “Behold, YaHuWaH has called by name Bezalel the son of Uri, the son of Hur, of the tribe of Yahuwdah.  35:31 He has filled him with the Ruwach of Aluahiym, in wisdom, in understanding, in knowledge, and in all manner of workmanship; 35:32 and to make skillful works, to work in gold, in silver, in brass, 35:33 in cutting of stones for setting, and in carving of wood, to work in all kinds of skillful workmanship. 35:34 He has put in his heart that he may teach, both he, and Oholiab, the son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan. 35:35 He has filled them with wisdom of heart, to work all manner of workmanship, of the engraver, of the skillful workman, and of the embroiderer, in blue, in purple, in scarlet, and in fine linen, and of the weaver, even of those who do any workmanship, and of those who make skillful works.

36:1 “Bezalel and Oholiab shall work with every wise-hearted man, in whom YaHuWaH  has put wisdom and understanding to know how to work all the work for the service of the set-apart place, according to all that YaHuWaH  has commanded.”

36:2 Moshah called Bezalel and Oholiab, and every wise-hearted man, in whose heart YaHuWaH  had put wisdom, even everyone whose heart stirred him up to come to the work to do it: 36:3 and they received from Moshah all the offering which the children of Ysra'al had brought for the work of the service of the set-apart place, with which to make it. They brought yet to him freewill offerings every morning. 36:4 All the wise men, who performed all the work of the set-apart place, each came from his work which they did.  36:5 They spoke to Moshah, saying, “The people bring much more than enough for the service of the work which YaHuWaH commanded to make.”

36:6 Moshah gave commandment, and they caused it to be proclaimed throughout the camp, saying, “Let neither man nor woman make anything else for the offering for the set-apart place.” So the people were restrained from bringing. 36:7 For the stuff they had was sufficient for all the work to make it, and too much.

36:8 All the wise-hearted men among those who did the work made the Dwelling Place with ten curtains; of fine twined linen, blue, purple, and scarlet, with cherubim, the work of the skillful workman, they made them. 36:9 The length of each curtain was twenty-eight cubits, and the breadth of each curtain four cubits. All the curtains had one measure. 36:10 He coupled five curtains to one another, and the other five curtains he coupled one to another. 36:11 He made loops of blue on the edge of the one curtain from the edge in the coupling. Likewise he made in the edge of the curtain that was outmost in the second coupling. 36:12 He made fifty loops in the one curtain, and he made fifty loops in the edge of the curtain that was in the second coupling. The loops were opposite one to another. 36:13 He made fifty clasps of gold, and coupled the curtains one to another with the clasps: so the Dwelling Place was a unit.

36:14 He made curtains of goats’ hair for a covering over the Dwelling Place. He made them eleven curtains. 36:15 The length of each curtain was thirty cubits, and four cubits the breadth of each curtain. The eleven curtains had one measure. 36:16 He coupled five curtains by themselves, and six curtains by themselves. 36:17 He made fifty loops on the edge of the curtain that was outmost in the coupling, and he made fifty loops on the edge of the curtain which was outmost in the second coupling.  36:18 He made fifty clasps of brass to couple the tent together, that it might be a unit. 36:19 He made a covering for the tent of rams’ skins dyed red, and a covering of sea cow hides above.

36:20 He made the boards for the Dwelling Place of acacia wood, standing up. 36:21 Ten cubits was the length of a board, and a cubit and a half the breadth of each board. 36:22 Each board had two tenons, joined one to another. He made all the boards of the Dwelling Place this way.  36:23 He made the boards for the Dwelling Place: twenty boards for the south side southward. 36:24 He made forty sockets of silver under the twenty boards; two sockets under one board for its two tenons, and two sockets under another board for its two tenons. 36:25 For the second side of the Dwelling Place, on the north side, he made twenty boards, 36:26 and their forty sockets of silver; two sockets under one board, and two sockets under another board.  36:27 For the far part of the Dwelling Place westward he made six boards. 36:28 He made two boards for the corners of the Dwelling Place in the far part.  36:29 They were double beneath, and in like manner they were all the way to its top to one ring. He did thus to both of them in the two corners.  36:30 There were eight boards, and their sockets of silver, sixteen sockets; under every board two sockets.

36:31 He made bars of acacia wood; five for the boards of the one side of the Dwelling Place,  36:32 and five bars for the boards of the other side of the Dwelling Place, and five bars for the boards of the Dwelling Place for the hinder part westward. 36:33 He made the middle bar to pass through in the midst of the boards from the one end to the other. 36:34 He overlaid the boards with gold, and made their rings of gold for places for the bars, and overlaid the bars with gold.

36:35 He made the veil of blue, purple, scarlet, and fine twined linen: with cherubim. He made it the work of a skillful workman. 36:36 He made four pillars of acacia for it, and overlaid them with gold. Their hooks were of gold. He cast four sockets of silver for them. 36:37 He made a screen for the door of the tent, of blue, purple, scarlet, and fine twined linen, the work of an embroiderer; 36:38 and the five pillars of it with their hooks. He overlaid their capitals and their fillets with gold, and their five sockets were of brass.

37:1 Bezalel made the ark of acacia wood. Its length was two and a half cubits, and its breadth a cubit and a half, and a cubit and a half its height.  37:2 He overlaid it with pure gold inside and outside, and made a molding of gold for it around it. 37:3 He cast four rings of gold for it, in its four feet; even two rings on its one side, and two rings on its other side. 37:4 He made poles of acacia wood, and overlaid them with gold. 37:5 He put the poles into the rings on the sides of the ark, to bear the ark. 37:6 He made a mercy seat of pure gold. Its length was two and a half cubits, and a cubit and a half its breadth. 37:7 He made two cherubim of gold. He made them of beaten work, at the two ends of the mercy seat; 37:8 one cherub at the one end, and one cherub at the other end. He made the cherubim of one piece with the mercy seat at its two ends. 37:9 The cherubim spread out their wings on high, covering the mercy seat with their wings, with their faces toward one another. The faces of the cherubim were toward the mercy seat.

37:10 He made the table of acacia wood. Its length was two cubits, and its breadth was a cubit, and its height was a cubit and a half. 37:11 He overlaid it with pure gold, and made a gold molding around it. 37:12 He made a border of a handbreadth around it, and made a golden molding on its border around it.  37:13 He cast four rings of gold for it, and put the rings in the four corners that were on its four feet. 37:14 The rings were close by the border, the places for the poles to carry the table. 37:15 He made the poles of acacia wood, and overlaid them with gold, to carry the table.  37:16 He made the vessels which were on the table, its dishes, its spoons, its bowls, and its pitchers with which to pour out, of pure gold.

37:17 He made the menorah of pure gold. He made the menorah of beaten work. Its base, its shaft, its cups, its buds, and its flowers were of one piece with it. 37:18 There were six branches going out of its sides: three branches of the menorah out of its one side, and three branches of the menorah out of its other side: 37:19 three cups made like almond blossoms in one branch, a bud and a flower, and three cups made like almond blossoms in the other branch, a bud and a flower: so for the six branches going out of the menorah. 37:20 In the menorah were four cups made like almond blossoms, its buds and its flowers; 37:21 and a bud under two branches of one piece with it, and a bud under two branches of one piece with it, and a bud under two branches of one piece with it, for the six branches going out of it. 37:22 Their buds and their branches were of one piece with it. The whole thing was one beaten work of pure gold. 37:23 He made its seven lamps, and its snuffers, and its snuff dishes, of pure gold.  37:24 He made it of a talent of pure gold, with all its vessels.

37:25 He made the altar of incense of acacia wood. It was square: its length was a cubit, and its breadth a cubit. Its height was two cubits. Its horns were of one piece with it. 37:26 He overlaid it with pure gold, its top, its sides around it, and its horns. He made a gold molding around it. 37:27 He made two golden rings for it under its molding crown, on its two ribs, on its two sides, for places for poles with which to carry it. 37:28 He made the poles of acacia wood, and overlaid them with gold. 37:29 He made the set apart  anointing oil and the pure incense of sweet spices, after the art of the perfumer.

38:1 He made the altar of burnt offering of acacia wood. It was square. Its length was five cubits, its breadth was five cubits, and its height was three cubits. 38:2 He made its horns on its four corners. Its horns were of one piece with it, and he overlaid it with brass. 38:3 He made all the vessels of the altar, the pots, the shovels, the basins, the forks, and the fire pans. He made all its vessels of brass. 38:4 He made for the altar a grating of a network of brass, under the ledge around it beneath, reaching halfway up. 38:5 He cast four rings for the four ends of brass grating, to be places for the poles. 38:6 He made the poles of acacia wood, and overlaid them with brass. 38:7 He put the poles into the rings on the sides of the altar, with which to carry it. He made it hollow with planks.

38:8 He made the basin of brass, and its base of brass, out of the mirrors of the ministering women who ministered at the door of the Tent of Meeting.

38:9 He made the court: for the south side southward the hangings of the court were of fine twined linen, one hundred cubits; 38:10 their pillars were twenty, and their sockets twenty, of brass; the hooks of the pillars and their fillets were of silver. 38:11 For the north side one hundred cubits, their pillars twenty, and their sockets twenty, of brass; the hooks of the pillars, and their fillets, of silver.  38:12 For the west side were hangings of fifty cubits, their pillars ten, and their sockets ten; the hooks of the pillars, and their fillets, of silver. 38:13 For the east side eastward fifty cubits.  38:14 The hangings for the one side were fifteen cubits; their pillars three, and their sockets three; 38:15 and so for the other side: on this hand and that hand by the gate of the court were hangings of fifteen cubits; their pillars three, and their sockets three.  38:16 All the hangings around the court were of fine twined linen. 38:17 The sockets for the pillars were of brass. The hooks of the pillars and their fillets were of silver; and the overlaying of their capitals, of silver; and all the pillars of the court were filleted with silver. 38:18 The screen for the gate of the court was the work of the embroiderer, of blue, purple, scarlet, and fine twined linen. Twenty cubits was the length, and the height in the breadth was five cubits, like to the hangings of the court. 38:19 Their pillars were four, and their sockets four, of brass; their hooks of silver, and the overlaying of their capitals, and their fillets, of silver. 38:20 All the pins of the Dwelling Place, and around the court, were of brass.

38:21 This is the amount of material used for the Dwelling Place, even the Tabernacle of the witness, as they were counted, according to the commandment of Moshah, for the service of the Lewites, by the hand of Ithamar, the son of Aharon the priest.  38:22 Bezalel the son of Uri, the son of Hur, of the tribe of Yahuwdah, made all that YaHuWaH commanded Moshah. 38:23 With him was Oholiab, the son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, an engraver, and a skillful workman, and an embroiderer in blue, in purple, in scarlet, and in fine linen.

38:24 All the gold that was used for the work in all the work of the set-apart place, even the gold of the offering, was twenty-nine talents, and seven hundred thirty shekels, after the shekel of the set-apart place. 38:25 The silver of those who were numbered of the congregation was one hundred talents, and one thousand seven hundred seventy-five shekels, after the shekel of the set-apart place:  38:26 a beka a head, that is, half a shekel, after the shekel of the set-apart place, for everyone who passed over to those who were numbered, from twenty years old and upward, for six hundred three thousand five hundred fifty men. 38:27 The one hundred talents of silver were for casting the sockets of the set-apart place, and the sockets of the veil; one hundred sockets for the one hundred talents, a talent for a socket. 38:28 Of the one thousand seven hundred seventy-five shekels he made hooks for the pillars, overlaid their capitals, and made fillets for them. 38:29 The brass of the offering was seventy talents, and two thousand four hundred shekels.  38:30 With this he made the sockets to the door of the Tent of Meeting, the bronze altar, the bronze grating for it, all the vessels of the altar, 38:31 the sockets around the court, the sockets of the gate of the court, all the pins of the Dwelling Place, and all the pins around the court.

39:1 Of the blue, purple, and scarlet, they made finely worked garments, for ministering in the set apart  place, and made the set apart  garments for Aharon; as YaHuWaH commanded Moshah.

39:2 He made the ephod of gold, blue, purple, scarlet, and fine twined linen. 39:3 They beat the gold into thin plates, and cut it into wires, to work it in the blue, in the purple, in the scarlet, and in the fine linen, the work of the skillful workman.  39:4 They made shoulder straps for it, joined together. At the two ends it was joined together. 39:5 The skillfully woven band that was on it, with which to fasten it on, was of the same piece, like its work; of gold, of blue, purple, scarlet, and fine twined linen; as YaHuWaH commanded Moshah.

39:6 They worked the onyx stones, enclosed in settings of gold, engraved with the engravings of a signet, according to the names of the children of Ysra'al. 39:7 He put them on the shoulder straps of the ephod, to be stones of memorial for the children of Ysra'al, as YaHuWaH commanded Moshah.

39:8 He made the breastplate, the work of a skillful workman, like the work of the ephod; of gold, of blue, purple, scarlet, and fine twined linen.  39:9 It was square. They made the breastplate double. Its length was a span, and its breadth a span, being double. 39:10 They set in it four rows of stones. A row of ruby, topaz, and beryl was the first row;  39:11 and the second row, a turquoise, a sapphire, and an emerald; 39:12 and the third row, a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst; 39:13 and the fourth row, a chrysolite, an onyx, and a jasper. They were enclosed in gold settings.  39:14 The stones were according to the names of the children of Ysra'al, twelve, according to their names; like the engravings of a signet, everyone according to his name, for the twelve tribes. 39:15 They made on the breastplate chains like cords, of braided work of pure gold. 39:16 They made two settings of gold, and two gold rings, and put the two rings on the two ends of the breastplate. 39:17 They put the two braided chains of gold in the two rings at the ends of the breastplate. 39:18 The other two ends of the two braided chains they put on the two settings, and put them on the shoulder straps of the ephod, in its front. 39:19 They made two rings of gold, and put them on the two ends of the breastplate, on its edge, which was toward the side of the ephod inward. 39:20 They made two rings of gold, and put them on the two shoulder straps of the ephod underneath, in its front, close by its coupling, above the skillfully woven band of the ephod.  39:21 They bound the breastplate by its rings to the rings of the ephod with a lace of blue, that it might be on the skillfully woven band of the ephod, and that the breastplate might not come loose from the ephod, as YaHuWaH commanded Moshah.

39:22 He made the robe of the ephod of woven work, all of blue. 39:23 The opening of the robe in its midst was like the opening of a coat of mail, with a binding around its opening, that it should not be torn. 39:24 They made on the skirts of the robe pomegranates of blue, purple, scarlet, and twined linen. 39:25 They made bells of pure gold, and put the bells between the pomegranates around the skirts of the robe, between the pomegranates; 39:26 a bell and a pomegranate, a bell and a pomegranate, around the skirts of the robe, to minister in, as YaHuWaH commanded Moshah.

39:27 They made the coats of fine linen of woven work for Aharon, and for his sons, 39:28 and the turban of fine linen, and the linen headbands of fine linen, and the linen breeches of fine twined linen, 39:29 and the sash of fine twined linen, and blue, and purple, and scarlet, the work of the embroiderer, as YaHuWaH commanded Moshah.

39:30 They made the plate of the set apart  crown of pure gold, and wrote on it a writing, like the engravings of a signet: “SET-APARTNESS TO YaHuWaH.”  39:31 They tied to it a lace of blue, to fasten it on the turban above, as YaHuWaH commanded Moshah.

39:32 Thus all the work of the Dwelling Place of the Tent of Meeting was finished. The children of Ysra'al did according to all that YaHuWaH commanded Moshah; so they did. 39:33 They brought the Dwelling Place to Moshah, the tent, with all its furniture, its clasps, its boards, its bars, its pillars, its sockets, 39:34 the covering of rams’ skins dyed red, the covering of sea cow hides, the veil of the screen, 39:35 the ark of the witness with its poles, the mercy seat, 39:36 the table, all its vessels, the show bread, 39:37 the pure menorah, its lamps, even the lamps to be set in order, all its vessels, the oil for the light, 39:38 the golden altar, the anointing oil, the sweet incense, the screen for the door of the Tent, 39:39 the bronze altar, its grating of brass, its poles, all of its vessels, the basin and its base, 39:40 the hangings of the court, its pillars, its sockets, the screen for the gate of the court, its cords, its pins, all the instruments of the service of the Dwelling Place, for the Tent of Meeting, 39:41 the finely worked garments for ministering in the set apart  place, the set apart  garments for Aharon the priest, and the garments of his sons, to minister in the priest’s office. 39:42 According to all that YaHuWaH commanded Moshah, so the children of Ysra'al did all the work. 39:43 Moshah saw all the work, and behold, they had done it as YaHuWaH  had commanded, even so had they done it: and Moshah blessed them.

40:1 YaHuWaH  spoke to Moshah, saying, 40:2 “On the first day of the first month you shall raise up the Dwelling Place of the Tent of Meeting. 40:3 You shall put the ark of the witness in it, and you shall screen the ark with the veil. 40:4 You shall bring in the table, and set in order the things that are on it. You shall bring in the menorah, and light its lamps. 40:5 You shall set the golden altar for incense before the ark of the witness, and put the screen of the door to the Dwelling Place.

40:6 “You shall set the altar of burnt offering before the door of the Dwelling Place of the Tent of Meeting. 40:7 You shall set the basin between the Tent of Meeting and the altar, and shall put water therein. 40:8 You shall set up the court around it, and hang up the screen of the gate of the court.

40:9 “You shall take the anointing oil, and anoint the Dwelling Place, and all that is in it, and shall make it set apart , and all its furniture: and it will be set apart .  40:10 You shall anoint the altar of burnt offering, with all its vessels, and set-apart  the altar: and the altar will be most set apart . 40:11 You shall anoint the basin and its base, and set it apart.

40:12 “You shall bring Aharon and his sons to the door of the Tent of Meeting, and shall wash them with water. 40:13 You shall put on Aharon the set apart  garments; and you shall anoint him, and set-apart  him, that he may minister to me in the priest’s office. 40:14 You shall bring his sons, and put coats on them. 40:15 You shall anoint them, as you anointed their father, that they may minister to me in the priest’s office. Their anointing shall be to them for an everlasting priesthood throughout their generations.” 40:16 Moshah did so. According to all that YaHuWaH commanded him, so he did.

40:17 It happened in the first month in the second year, on the first day of the month, that the Dwelling Place was raised up. 40:18 Moshah raised up the Dwelling Place, and laid its sockets, and set up its boards, and put in its bars, and raised up its pillars. 40:19 He spread the covering over the tent, and put the roof of the Dwelling Place above on it, as YaHuWaH commanded Moshah. 40:20 He took and put the witness into the ark, and set the poles on the ark, and put the mercy seat above on the ark. 40:21 He brought the ark into the Dwelling Place, and set up the veil of the screen, and screened the ark of the witness, as YaHuWaH commanded Moshah. 40:22 He put the table in the Tent of Meeting, on the side of the Dwelling Place northward, outside of the veil.  40:23 He set the bread in order on it before YaHuWaH, as YaHuWaH commanded Moshah. 40:24 He put the menorah in the Tent of Meeting, opposite the table, on the side of the Dwelling Place southward.  40:25 He lit the lamps before YaHuWaH, as YaHuWaH commanded Moshah.  40:26 He put the golden altar in the Tent of Meeting before the veil; 40:27 and he burnt incense of sweet spices on it, as YaHuWaH commanded Moshah. 40:28 He put up the screen of the door to the Dwelling Place. 40:29 He set the altar of burnt offering at the door of the Dwelling Place of the Tent of Meeting, and offered on it the burnt offering and the meal offering, as YaHuWaH commanded Moshah. 40:30 He set the basin between the Tent of Meeting and the altar, and put water therein, with which to wash.  40:31 Moshah, Aharon, and his sons washed their hands and their feet there. 40:32 When they went into the Tent of Meeting, and when they came near to the altar, they washed, as YaHuWaH commanded Moshah. 40:33 He raised up the court around the Dwelling Place and the altar, and set up the screen of the gate of the court. So Moshah finished the work.

40:34 Then the cloud covered the Tent of Meeting, and the Splendor of YaHuWaH  filled the Dwelling Place. 40:35 Moshah wasn’t able to enter into the Tent of Meeting, because the cloud stayed on it, and YaHuWaH’s Splendor filled the Dwelling Place. 40:36 When the cloud was taken up from over the Dwelling Place, the children of Ysra'al went onward, throughout all their journeys; 40:37 but if the cloud wasn’t taken up, then they didn’t travel until the day that it was taken up. 40:38 For the cloud of YaHuWaH was on the Dwelling Place by day, and there was fire in the cloud by night, in the sight of all the house of Ysra'al, throughout all their journeys.